Method for improved use of the production potential of genetically modified plants

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to a method for improving the utilization of the production potential of a genetically modified plant where the plant is treated with an effective amount of at least one compound of the formula (I) 
                         
in which
     R 1  to R 3 , X, L, n and Y have the meanings given in the description.

The invention relates to a method for improving the utilization of the production potential of genetically modified plants.

In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the proportion of genetically modified plants in agriculture, even if regional differences are still currently noticeable. Thus, for example, the proportion of genetically modified maize in the USA has doubled from 26% to 52% since 2001, while genetically modified maize has previously been of hardly any practical importance in Germany. However, in other European countries, for example in Spain, the proportion of genetically modified maize is already about 12%.

Genetically modified plants are employed mainly to utilize the production potential of respective plant varieties in the most favourable manner, at the lowest possible input of production means. The aim of the genetic modification of the plants is in particular the generation of resistance in the plants to certain pests or harmful organisms or else herbicides and also to abiotic stress (for example drought, heat or elevated salt levels). It is also possible to genetically modify a plant to increase certain quality or product features, such as, for example, the content of selected vitamins or oils, or to improve certain fibre properties.

Herbicide resistance or tolerance can be achieved, for example, by incorporating genes into the useful plant for expressing enzymes to detoxify certain herbicides, so that a relatively unimpeded growth of these plants is possible even in the presence of these herbicides for controlling broad-leaved weeds and weed grasses. Examples which may be mentioned are cotton varieties or maize varieties which tolerate the herbicidally active compound glyphosate (Roundup®), (Roundup Ready®, Monsanto) or the herbicides glufosinate or oxynil.

More recently, there has also been the development of useful plants comprising two or more genetic modifications (“stacked transgenic plants” or multiply genetically modified crops). Thus, for example, Monsanto has developed multiply genetically modified maize varieties which are resistant to the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) and the Western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera). Also known are maize and cotton crops which are resistant both to the Western corn rootworm and the cotton bollworm and tolerant to the herbicide Roundup®.

It has now been found that the utilization of the production potential of genetically modified useful plants can be improved even more by treating the plants with one or more sulphoximines of the formula (I) defined below. Here, the term “treatment” includes all measures resulting in contact between these active compounds and at least one plant part. Plant parts are to be understood as meaning all above-ground and below-ground parts and organs of plants, such as shoot, leaf, flower and root, examples which may be mentioned being leaves, needles, stems, trunks, flowers, fruit-bodies, fruits and seeds and also roots, tubers and rhizomes. The plant parts also include harvested material and also vegetative and generative propagation material, for example cuttings, tubers, rhizomes, slips and seed.

Compounds of the formula (I)

in which X represents NO₂, CN or COOR⁴, L represents a single bond, R¹ represents C₁-C₄-alkyl, or

-   -   R¹, sulphur and L together represent a 4-, 5- or 6-membered         ring,         R² and R³ independently of one another represent hydrogen,         methyl, ethyl, fluorine, chlorine or bromine,     -   or         R² and R³ together represent —(CH₂)₂—, —(CH₂)₃—, —(CH₂)₄— or         —(CH₂)₅— and together with the carbon atom to which they are         attached form a 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered ring,         n represents 0, 1, 2 or 3,         Y represents one of the radicals

in which Z represents halogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-haloalkyl, C₁-C₄-alkoxy or C₁-C₄-haloalkoxy and R⁴ represents C₁-C₃-alkyl, are known, for example, as agents for controlling animal pests, in particular insects (for example US patent application 2005/228027 A1, WO 2006/060029 A2, WO 2007/095229 A2, WO 2007/149134 A1, WO 2008/027539 A1, WO 2008/027073 A1, WO 2008/057129 A1, WO 2008/097235 A1, WO 2008/106006 A1). Furthermore, the increase of the insecticidal activity for a subgroup of sulphoximines by addition of suitable salts and, if appropriate, additives has been described (WO 2007/068355).

From these documents, the person skilled in the art is familiar with processes for preparing and for using compounds of the formula (I) and with their activity.

Depending, inter alia, on the nature of the substituents, the compounds of the formula (I) can be present as optical isomers or mixtures of isomers in varying compositions, which can be separated, if desired, in a customary manner. The present invention provides both the pure isomers and the isomer mixtures, their use and compositions comprising them. However, the following text will, for the sake of simplicity, always mention compounds of the formula (I), even though this is understood as meaning not only the pure compounds, but also, if appropriate, mixtures with various amounts of isomeric compounds.

Preferred subgroups of the compounds of the formula (I) are listed below:

In a particular group (Ia) of compounds of the formula (I), X represents the nitro group:

In a further particular group (Ib) of compounds of the formula (I), X represents the cyano group:

In a further particular group (Ic) of compounds of the formula (I), X represents NO₂ or CN, Y represents the 6-chloropyrid-3-yl radical:

In a further particular group (Id) of compounds of the formula (I), X represents NO₂ or CN, Y represents the 6-trifluoromethylpyrid-3-yl radical:

In a further particular group (le) of compounds of the formula (I), X represents NO₂ or CN, Y represents the 2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl radical:

In a further particular group (If) of compounds of the formula (I), X represents NO₂ or CN, Y represents the 2-trifluoromethyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl radical:

In a further particular group (Ig) of compounds of the formula (I), R¹, sulphur and L together form a 5-membered ring, X represents NO₂ or CN, Y represents 6-halopyrid-3-yl or 6-(C₁-C₄-haloalkyl)pyrid-3-yl, particularly preferably 6-chloropyrid-3-yl or 6-trifluoromethylpyrid-3-yl, n preferably represents 0:

In a further particular group (Ih) of compounds of the formula (I), R¹, sulphur and L together form a 5-membered ring, X represents NO₂ or CN, Y represents 6-halopyrid-3-yl or 6-(C₁-C₄-haloalkyl)pyrid-3-yl, particularly preferably 6-chloropyrid-3-yl or 6-trifluoromethylpyrid-3-yl, n preferably represents 0:

In a further particular group (Ii) of compounds of the formula (I), R¹ represents methyl, X represents NO₂ or CN, L represents a single bond and n preferably represents 1:

In a further particular group (Ij) of compounds of the formula (I), R¹ represents methyl, R² and R³ independently of one another represent hydrogen or methyl, X represents NO₂ or CN, n preferably represents 1:

In a further particular group (Ik) of compounds of the formula (I), R¹ represents methyl, R² and R³ together represent —(CH₂)₂— and form together with the carbon atom to which they are attached a 3-membered ring, X represents NO₂ or CN, n preferably represents 1:

The compounds of the general formula (I) may, where appropriate, depending on the nature of the substituents, be in the form of geometric and/or optically active isomers or corresponding isomer mixtures of varying composition. The invention relates both to the pure isomers and to the isomer mixtures.

Specific mention may be made of the following compounds of the formula (I):

-   compound (I-1),     [[6-chloropyridin-3-yl]methyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from US patent application 2005/228027 A1 and WO         2007/149134 A1.

-   compound (I-2),     [[6-trifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl]methyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from WO 2007/095229 A2, WO 2007/149134 A1 and WO         2008/027073 A1.

-   compound (I-3), methyl(oxido)     {[2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]methyl}λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from US patent application 2005/228027 A1.

-   compound (I-4),     methyl(oxido){[2-trifluoromethyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]methyl}λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from WO 2008/027539 A1.

-   compound (I-5),     [[6-chloropyridin-3-yl]ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from US patent application 2005/228027 A1, WO 2006/060029         A2, WO 2007/149134 A1 and WO 2008/097235.

-   compound (I-6),     [[6-chloropyridin-3-yl]ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide     diastereomer:

-   -   known from US patent application 2005/228027 A1 and WO         2007/149134 A1.

-   compound (I-7),     [[6-chloropyridin-3-yl]ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide     diastereomer:

-   -   known from US patent application 2005/228027 A1 and WO         2007/149134 A1.

-   compound (I-8),     [[6-trifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl]ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from WO 2007/095229 A2, WO 2007/149134 A1, WO 2008/097235         A1 and WO 2008/207910 A1.

-   compound (I-9),     [[6-(1,1-difluoroethyl)pyrid-3-yl]ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from WO 2007/095229 A2.

-   compound (I-10),     [[6-difluoromethylpyrid-3-yl]ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from WO 2007/095229 A2.

-   compound (I-11), methyl(oxido)     {1-[2-(trichloromethyl)pyrid-3-yl]ethyl)}λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from WO 2007/095229 A2.

-   compound (I-12), methyl(oxido)     {1-[2-(pentafluoroethyl)pyrid-3-yl]ethyl}λ⁴⁻sulphanylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from WO 2007/095229 A2.

-   compound (I-13),     [[6-chlorodifluoromethylpyrid-3-yl]ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from WO 2007/095229 A2.

-   compound (I-14), methyl(oxido)     {1-[2-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]ethyl}λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from WO 2008/027539 A1.

-   compound (I-15), methyl(oxido)     {1-[6-(trifluormethyl)pyridin-3-yl]cyclopropyl}λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from WO 2008/027073 A1.

-   compound (I-16), methyl(oxido)     {1-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)cyclopropyl}-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from WO 2008/027073 A1.

-   compound (I-17),     2-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)-1-oxidotetrahydro-1H-1-λ⁴-thienylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from WO 2004/149134 A1.

-   compound (I-18),     2-(6-trifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl)-1-oxidotetrahydro-1H-1-λ⁴-thienylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from WO 2004/149134 A1.

-   compound (I-19),     1-oxo-2-(2-trifluoromethyl-1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethyl)tetrahydro-1-λ⁶-thiophen-1-ylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from WO 2008/027539 A1.

-   compound (I-20),     1-oxo-2-(6-trifluoromethylpyrid-3-ylmethyl)tetrahydro-1-λ⁶-thiophen-1-ylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from WO 2007/095229 A2.

-   compound (I-21),     1-oxo-2-(6-chloropyrid-3-ylmethyl)tetrahydro-1-λ⁶-thiophen-1-ylidenecyanamide:

-   -   known from US patent application 2005/228027 A1.

-   compound (I-22),     1-oxo-2-(6-chloropyrid-3-ylmethyl)tetrahydro-1-λ⁶-thiophen-1-ylidenecyanamide     diastereomer:

-   -   known from US patent application 2005/228027 A1.

-   compound (I-23),     1-oxo-2-(6-chloropyrid-3-ylmethyl)tetrahydro-1-λ⁶-thiophen-1-ylidenecyanamide     diastereomer:

-   -   known from US patent application 2005/228027 A1.

Preference is given to the following sulphoximines of the formula (I):

-   (I-1),     [[6-chloropyridin-3-yl]methyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide, -   (I-2),     [[6-trifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl]methyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide, -   (I-3), methyl(oxido)     {[2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]methyl}λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide, -   (I-4), methyl(oxido)     {[2-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]methyl}λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide, -   (I-5),     [[6-chloropyridin-3-yl]ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide, -   (I-6),     [[6-chloropyridin-3-yl]ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide     diastereomer, -   (I-7),     [[6-chloropyridin-3-yl]ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide     diastereomer, -   (I-8),     [[6-trifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl]ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide, -   (I-14), methyl(oxido)     {1-[2-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]ethyl}λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide, -   (I-15), methyl(oxido)     {1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]cyclopropyl}λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide, -   (I-16), methyl(oxido)     {1-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)cyclopropyl}λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide.

Particular preference is given to the following sulphoximines of the formula (I):

-   (I-5),     [[6-chloropyridin-3-yl]ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide, -   (I-6),     [[6-chloropyridin-3-yl]ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide     diastereomer, -   (I-7),     [[6-chloropyridin-3-yl]ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide     diastereomer, -   (I-8),     [[6-trifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl]ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide, -   (I-15), methyl(oxido)     {1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]cyclopropyl}λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide, -   (I-16), methyl(oxido)     {1-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)cyclopropyl}λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide.

If, in the context of the present invention, reference is now made to sulphoximines, these are generally sulphoximines of the general formula (I), where the general formula (I) includes in particular the compounds of groups (Ia) to (Ik), specifically the compounds of the general formulae (I-1) to (I-23).

According to the invention, “alkyl” represents straight-chain or branched aliphatic hydrocarbons having 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 4, carbon atoms. Suitable alkyl groups are, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-, iso-, sec- or tert-butyl, pentyl or hexyl. The alkyl group may be unsubstituted or is substituted by at least one of the substituents mentioned here.

According to the invention, “alkenyl” represents straight-chain or branched hydrocarbons having at least one double bond. The double bond of the alkenyl group may be unconjugated or is conjugated to an unsaturated bond or group. Alkenyl groups having 2 to 6 or 3 to 6 carbon atoms are preferred. Suitable alkenyl groups are, for example, vinyl or allyl. The alkenyl group may be unsubstituted or is substituted by at least one of the substituents mentioned here.

According to the invention, “alkynyl” represents straight-chain or branched hydrocarbons having at least one triple bond. The triple bond of the alkynyl group may be unconjugated or is conjugated to an unsaturated bond or group. Alkynyl groups having 2 to 6 or 3 to 6 carbon atoms are preferred. Suitable alkynyl groups are, for example, ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, methylpropynyl, 4-methyl-1-butynyl, 4-propyl-2-pentynyl and 4-butyl-2-hexynyl. The alkynyl group may be unsubstituted or is substituted by at least one of the substituents mentioned here.

According to the invention, “cycloalkyl” represents cyclic hydrocarbons having 3 to 6 carbon atoms. Suitable cycloalkyl groups are, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl. The cycloalkyl group may be unsubstituted or is substituted by at least one of the substituents mentioned here.

According to the invention, “alkoxy” represents alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Suitable alkoxy groups are, for example, methyloxy, ethyloxy, n-propyloxy, i-propyloxy, n-, iso-, sec- or tert-butyloxy, pentyloxy or hexyloxy. The alkoxy group may be unsubstituted or is substituted by at least one of the substituents mentioned here.

According to the invention, “alkylamino” represents alkylamino groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Suitable alkylamino groups are, for example, methylamino, ethylamino, n-propylamino, i-propylamino, n-, iso-, sec- or tert-butylamino, pentylamino or hexylamino. The alkylamino group may be unsubstituted or is substituted by at least one of the substituents mentioned here.

According to the invention, “heterocyclic compounds” represents cyclic hydrocarbons having preferably 3 to 14, particularly preferably 3 to 10 and very particularly preferably 5 to 6 carbon atoms which contain at least one heteroatom, such as, for example, nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur and which can be prepared by customary methods. The heterocyclic compounds may contain saturated and unsaturated bonds or groups which are additionally in conjugation with further unsaturated bonds or groups. Suitable heterocyclic compounds are, for example, oxirane, aziridine, azetidine, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran-2-one, caprolactam; unsaturated heterocyclic compounds, such as, for example, 2H-pyrrole, 4H-pyran, 1,4-dihydropyridine; and heteroaryls, such as, for example, pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, oxazole, isoxazole, thiazole, oxathiazole, triazole, tetrazole, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, purine, pteridine, quinoline, isoquinoline, acridine and phenazine. The heterocyclic compounds may be unsubstituted or are substituted by at least one of the substituents mentioned here.

According to the invention, “halogen” represents fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine.

According to the invention, “haloalkyl” represents alkyl groups having 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 4, carbon atoms in which at least one hydrogen atom has been replaced by a halogen. Suitable haloalkyl groups are, for example, CH₂F, CHF₂, CF₃, CF₂Cl, CFCl₂, CCl₃, CF₂Br, CF₂CF₃, CFHCF₃, CH₂CF₃, CH₂CH₂F, CH₂CHF₂, CFCICF₃, CCl₂CF₃, CF₂CH₃, CF₂CH₂F, CF₂CHF₂, CF₂CF₂Cl, CF₂CF₂Br, CFHCH₃, CFHCHF₂, CHFCF₃, CHFCF₂Cl, CHFCF₂Br, CFCICF₃, CCl₂CF₃, CF₂CF₂CF₃, CH₂CH₂CH₂F, CH₂CHFCH₃, CH₂CF₂CF₃, CF₂CH₂CF₃, CF₂CF₂CH₃, CHFCF₂CF₃, CF₂CHFCF₃, CF₂CF₂CHF₂, CF₂CF₂CH₂F, CF₂CF₂CF₂Cl, CF₂CF₂CF₂Br, 1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl, pentafluoroethyl, 1-(difluoromethyl)-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl, 2-bromo-1,2,2-trifluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl, 1-(difluoromethyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl. The haloalkyl group may be unsubstituted or is substituted by at least one of the substituents mentioned here.

According to the invention, “aryl” represents aryl groups having 6 to 10, preferably 6, carbon atoms. Suitable aryl groups are, for example, phenyl or naphthyl. The aryl group may be unsubstituted or is substituted by at least one of the substituents mentioned here.

Preference is given to mixtures of two or more, preferably two or three, particularly preferably two, of the insecticidally active compounds.

According to the process according to the invention, genetically modified plants, in particular useful plants, are treated with compounds of the formula (I) to increase agricultural productivity. For the purposes of the invention, genetically modified plants are plants containing at least one gene or gene fragment not transferred by fertilization. This gene or gene fragment may originate or be derived from another plant of the same species, from plants of a different species, but also from organisms from the animal kingdom or microorganisms (including viruses) (“foreign gene”) and/or, if appropriate, already have mutations compared to the natural sequence. According to the invention, it is also possible to use synthetic genes, which is also included in the term “foreign gene” here. It is also possible for a genetically modified plant to code for two or more foreign genes of different origin.

For the purposes of the invention, the “foreign gene” is further characterized in that it comprises a nucleic acid sequence which has a certain biological or chemical function or activity in the genetically modified plant. In general, these genes code for biocatalysts, such as, for example, enzymes or ribozymes, or else they comprise regulatory sequences, such as, for example, promoters or terminators, for influencing the expression of endogenous proteins (for example using antisense-technology, cosuppression technology or RNAi technology [RNA interference]). However, to this end, they may also code for regulatory proteins, such as, for example, repressors or inductors. Furthermore, the foreign gene may also serve for the targeted localization of a gene product of the genetically modified plant, coding, for example, for a signal sequence. The foreign gene may also code for inhibitors, such as, for example, antisense RNA.

The person skilled in the art is readily familiar with numerous different methods for producing genetically modified plants and methods for targeted mutagenesis, for gene transformation and cloning, for example from: Willmitzer, 1993, Transgenic plants, In: Biotechnology, A Multivolume Comprehensive Treatise, Rehm et al. (eds.), Vol. 2, 627-659, VCH Weinheim, Germany.

An example of a complex genetic manipulation of a useful plant is the so-called GURT technology (“Genetic Use Restriction Technologies”) which allows technical control of the propagation of the genetically modified plant variety in question. To this end, in general two or three foreign genes are cloned into the useful plant which, in a complex interaction after administration of an external stimulus, trigger a cascade resulting in the death of the embryo which would otherwise develop. To this end, the external stimulus (for example an active compound or another chemical or abiotic stimulus) may interact, for example, with a repressor which then no longer suppresses the expression of a recombinase, so that the recombinase is able to cleave an inhibitor, thus allowing expression of a toxin causing the embryo to die. Examples of this type of genetically modified plants are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,723,765 or U.S. Pat. No. 5,808,034.

Accordingly, the person skilled in the art is familiar with processes for generating genetically modified plants which, by virtue of the integration of regulatory foreign genes and the overexpression, suppression or inhibition of endogenous genes or gene sequences mediated in this manner, if appropriate, or by virtue of the existence or expression of foreign genes or fragments thereof, have modified properties.

As already discussed above, the method according to the invention allows improved utilization of the production potential of genetically modified plants. On the one hand, this may, if appropriate, be based on the fact that the application rate of the active compound which can be employed according to the invention can be reduced, for example by lowering the dose employed or else by reducing the number of applications. On the other hand, if appropriate, the yield of the useful plants may be increased quantitatively and/or qualitatively. This is true in particular in the case of a transgenically generated resistance to biotic or abiotic stress. If, for example, compounds of the formula (I) are used, the dosage of the insecticide may in certain cases be limited to a sublethal dose, without this resulting in a significant weakening of the desired effect of the active compound on the pests.

Depending on the plant species or plant varieties, their location and the growth conditions (soils, climate, vegetation period, nutrients), these synergistic actions may vary and may be multifarious. Thus possible are, for example, reduced application rates and/or a widening of the activity spectrum and/or an increase of the activity of the compounds and compositions which can be used according to the invention, better plant growth, increased tolerance to high or low temperatures, increased tolerance to drought or to water or soil salt content, increased flowering, easier harvesting, accelerated maturation, higher harvest yields, higher quality and/or higher nutrient value of the harvested products, increased storability and/or processability of the harvested products, which exceed the effects normally to be expected.

These advantages are the result of a synergistic action, achieved according to the invention, between the compounds of the formula (I) which can be employed and the respective principle of action of the genetic modification of the genetically modified plant. This reduction of production means as a result of the synergism, with simultaneous yield or quality increase, is associated with considerable economical and ecological advantages.

A list of examples known to the person skilled in the art of genetically modified plants, with the respective affected structure in the plant or the protein expressed by the genetic modification in the plant being mentioned, is compiled in Table 1. Here, the structure in question or the principle expressed is in each case grouped with a certain feature in the sense of a tolerance to a certain stress factor. A similar list (Table 3) compiles—in a slightly different arrangement—likewise examples of principles of action, tolerances induced thereby and possible useful plants. Further examples of genetically modified plants suitable for the treatment according to the invention are compiled in Tables 4 to 6.

In an advantageous embodiment, the compounds of the formula (I) are used for treating genetically modified plants comprising at least one gene or gene fragment coding for a Bt toxin. A Bt toxin is a protein originating from or derived from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis which either belongs to the group of the crystal toxins (Cry) or the cytolytic toxins (Cyt). In the bacterium, they are originally formed as protoxins and only metabolized in alkaline medium—for example in the digestive tract of certain feed insects—to their active form. There, the active toxin then binds to certain hydrocarbon structures at cell surfaces causing pores to be formed which destroy the osmotic potential of the cell, which may effect cell lysis. The result is the death of the insects. Bt toxins are active in particular against certain harmful species from the orders of the Lepidoptera (butterflies), Homoptera, Diptera and Coleoptera (beetles) in all their development stages; i.e. from the egg larva via their juvenile forms to their adult forms.

It has been known for a long time that gene sequences coding for Bt toxins, parts thereof or else peptides or proteins derived from Bt toxins can be cloned with the aid of genetical engineering into agriculturally useful plants to generate genetically modified plants having endogenous resistance to pests sensitive to Bt toxins. For the purposes of the invention, the genetically modified plants coding for at least one Bt toxin or proteins derived therefrom are defined as “Bt plants”.

The “first generation” of such Bt plants generally only comprise the genes enabling the formation of a certain toxin, thus only providing resistance to one group of pathogens. An example of a commercially available maize variety comprising the gene for forming the Cry1Ab toxin is “YieldGard®” from Monsanto which is resistant to the European corn borer. A known line of the “YieldGard®” maize from Monsanto is line MON 810. In contrast, in the Bt cotton variety (“Bollgard I®”), resistance to other pathogens from the family of the Lepidoptera is generated by introduction by cloning of the genes for forming the Cry1Ac toxin. “Bollgard II®” is a cotton variety which expresses the toxins Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab. Other genetically modified crop plants, in turn, express genes for forming Bt toxins with activity against pathogens from the order of the Coleoptera. Examples that may be mentioned are the Bt potato variety “NewLeaf” (Monsanto) capable of forming the Cry3A toxin, which is thus resistant to the Colorado potato beetle, and the genetically modified maize variety “YieldGard Rootworm®” (Monsanto) which forms the Cry3Bb1 toxin and is thus protected against various species of the Western corn rootworm. Further Bt toxins are the VIP proteins, for example VIP-3 with activity against pathogens from the orders of the Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Diptera. An example of a cotton variety which expresses a VIP protein (Vip3A) together with Cry1Ab is “VIPCOT®” (Syngenta). Both proteins are highly active against two very common cotton pests, Helicoverpa armigera or zea (cotton bollworm) and Heliothis virescens (tobacco budworm).

In a “second generation”, the multiply genetically modified plants, already described above, comprising or expressing at least two foreign genes were generated. An example of this is the genetically modified maize variety “YieldGard Plus®” (Monsanto), which forms the Cry1Ab and the Cry3Bb1 toxins.

Preference according to the invention is given to genetically modified plants with Bt toxins from the group of the Cry family (see, for example, Crickmore et al., 1998, Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 62: 807-812), which are particularly effective against Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Diptera.

Examples of genes coding for the proteins are:

cry1Aa1, cry1Aa2, cry1Aa3, cry1Aa4, cry1Aa5, cry1Aa6, cry1Aa7, cry1Aa8, cry1Aa9, cry1Aa10, cry1Aa11 cry1Ab1, cry1Ab2, cry1Ab3, cry1Ab4, cry1Ab5, cry1Ab6, cry1Ab7, cry1Ab8, cry1Ab9, cry1Ab10, cry1Ab11, cry1Ab12, cry1Ab13, cry1Ab14, cry1Ac1, cry1Ac2, cry1Ac3, cry1Ac4, cry1Ac5, cry1Ac6, cry1Ac7, cry1Ac8, cry1Ac9, cry1Ac10, cry1Ac11, cry1Ac12, cry1Ac13, cry1Ad1, cry1Ad2, cry1Ae1, cry1Af1, cry1Ag1, cry1Ba1, cry1Ba2, cry1Bb1, cry1Bc1, cry1Bd1, cry1Be1, cry1Ca1, cry1Ca2, cry1Ca3, cry1Ca4, cry1Ca5, cry1Ca6, cry1Ca7, cry1Cb1, cry1Cb2, cry1Da1, cry1Da2, cry1Db1, cry1Ea1, cry1Ea2, cry1Ea3, cry1Ea4, cry1Ea5, cry1Ea6, cry1Eb1, cry1Fa1, cry1Fa2, cry1Fb1, cry1Fb2, cry1Fb3, cry1Fb4, cry1Ga1, cry1Ga2, cry1Gb1, cry1Gb2, cry1Ha1, cry1Hb1, cry1Ia1, cry1Ia2, cry1Ia3, cry1Ia4, cry1Ia5, cry1Ia6, cry1Ib1, cry1Ic1, cry1Id1, cry1Ie1, cry1I-like, cry1Ja1, cry1Jb1, cry1Jc1, cry1Ka1, cry1-like, cry2Aa1, cry2Aa2, cry2Aa3, cry2Aa4, cry2Aa5, cry2Aa6, cry2Aa7, cry2Aa8, cry2Aa9, cry2Ab1, cry2Ab2, cry2Ab3, cry2Ac1, cry2Ac2, cry2Ad1, cry3Aa1, cry3Aa2, cry3Aa3, cry3Aa4, cry3Aa5, cry3Aa6, cry3Aa7, cry3Ba1, cry3Ba2, cry3Bb1, cry3Bb2, cry3Bb3, cry3Ca1, cry4Aa1, cry4Aa2, cry4Ba1, cry4Ba2, cry4Ba3, cry4Ba4, cry5Aa1, cry5Ab1, cry5Ac1, cry5Ba1, cry6Aa1, cry6Ba1, cry7Aa1, cry7Ab1, cry7Ab2, cry8Aa1, cry8Ba1, cry8Ca1, cry9Aa1, cry9Aa2, cry9Ba1, cry9Ca1, cry9Da1, cry9Da2, cry9Ea1, cry9 like, cry10Aa1, cry10Aa2, cry11Aa1, cry11Aa2, cry11Ba1, cry11Bb1, cry12Aa1, cry13Aa1, cry14Aa1, cry15Aa1, cry16Aa1, cry17Aa1, cry18Aa1, cry18Ba1, cry18Ca1, cry19Aa1, cry19Ba1, cry20Aa1, cry21Aa1, cry21Aa2, cry22Aa1, cry23Aa1, cry24Aa1, cry25Aa1, cry26Aa1, cry27Aa1, cry28Aa1, cry28Aa2, cry29Aa1, cry30Aa1, cry31Aa1, cytlAa1, cytlAa2, cytlAa3, cytlAa4, cytlAb1, cytlBa1, cyt2Aa1, cyt2Ba1, cyt2Ba2, cyt2Ba3, cyt2Ba4, cyt2Ba5, cyt2Ba6, cyt2Ba7, cyt2Ba8, cyt2Bb1.

Particular preference is given to the genes or gene sections of the subfamilies cry1, cry2, cry3, cry5 and cry9; especially preferred are cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry3A, cry3B and cry9C.

Furthermore, it is preferred to use plants which, in addition to the genes for one or more Bt toxins, contain or express, if appropriate, also genes for expressing, for example, a protease or peptidase inhibitor (such as in WO-A 95/35031), of herbicide resistances (for example to glufosinate or glyphosate by expression of the pat gene or bar gene) or for becoming resistant to nematodes, fungi or viruses (for example by expressing a glucanase, chitinase). However, they may also be modified in their metabolic properties, so that they show a qualitative and/or quantitative change of ingredients (for example by modification of the energy, carbohydrate, fatty acid or nitrogen metabolism or of metabolite currents influencing these) (see above). An example of a maize cultivar which expresses the Cry1Fa2 toxin and the enzyme phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase (PAT, provision of herbicide resistance to glufosinate ammonium) is “Herculex I®” (Pioneer/Dow AgroSciences). A maize cultivar which expresses a truncated Cry1Ab toxin and the enzyme PAT is Bt11 maize from Syngenta. Bt176 maize from Syngenta expresses a Cry1Ab toxin and the enzyme PAT.

Plants or plant varieties (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention are insect-resistant transgenic plants, i.e. plants made resistant to attack by certain target insects. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such insect resistance.

In the present context, the term “insect-resistant transgenic plant” includes any plant containing at least one transgene comprising a coding sequence encoding:

-   1) an insecticidal crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or an     insecticidal portion thereof, such as the insecticidal crystal     proteins listed by Crickmore et al., Microbiology and Molecular     Biology Reviews (1998) 62, 62, 807-813, updated by Crickmore et     al. (2005) in the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin nomenclature, online     at: www.lifesci.sussex.ac.uk/Home/Neil_Crickmore/Bt, or insecticidal     portions thereof, for example proteins of the Cry protein classes     Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry2Ab, Cry3Ae or Cry3Bb or insecticidal     portions thereof; or -   2) a crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or a portion     thereof which is insecticidal in the presence of a second other     crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or a portion thereof,     such as the binary toxin made up of the Cy34 and Cy35 crystal     proteins (Moellenbeck et al., Nat. Biotechnol. (2001), 19, 668-72;     Schnepf et al., Applied Environm. Microb. (2006), 71, 1765-1774); or -   3) a hybrid insecticidal protein comprising parts of two different     insecticidal crystal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis, such as a     hybrid of the proteins of 1) above or a hybrid of the proteins of 2)     above, for example the Cry1A.105 protein produced by maize event     MON98034 (WO 2007/027777); or -   4) a protein of any one of 1) to 3) above wherein some, particularly     1 to 10, amino acids have been replaced by another amino acid to     obtain a higher insecticidal activity against a target insect     species, and/or to expand the range of target insect species     affected, and/or because of changes induced in the encoding DNA     during cloning or transformation, such as the Cry3Bb1 protein in     maize events MON863 or MON88017, or the Cry3A protein in maize event     MIR604; or -   5) an insecticidal secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or     Bacillus cereus, or an insecticidal portion thereof, such as the     vegetative insecticidal proteins (VIP) listed at:     http://www.lifesci.sussex.ac.uk/home/Neil_Crickmore/Bt/vip.html, for     example proteins from the VIP3Aa protein class; or -   6) a secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus     which is insecticidal in the presence of a second secreted protein     from Bacillus thuringiensis or B. cereus, such as the binary toxin     made up of the VIP1A and VIP2A proteins (WO 94/21795); or 7) a     hybrid insecticidal protein comprising parts from different secreted     proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus, such as a     hybrid of the proteins in 1) above or a hybrid of the proteins in 2)     above; or -   8) a protein of any one of 1) to 3) above wherein some, particularly     1 to 10, amino acids have been replaced by another amino acid to     obtain a higher insecticidal activity against a target insect     species, and/or to expand the range of target insect species     affected, and/or because of changes induced in the encoding DNA     during cloning or transformation (while still encoding an     insecticidal protein), such as the VIP3Aa protein in cotton event     COT 102.

Of course, insect-resistant transgenic plants, as used herein, also include any plant comprising a combination of genes encoding the proteins of any one of the above classes 1 to 8. In one embodiment, an insect-resistant plant contains more than one transgene encoding a protein of any one of the above classes 1 to 8, to expand the range of target insect species affected or to delay the development of insect resistance to the plants, by using different proteins insecticidal to the same target insect species but having a different mode of action, such as binding to different receptor binding sites in the insect.

A list of examples of principles of action which can be introduced by genetic modification into a useful plant and which are suitable for the treatment according to the invention on their own or in combination is compiled in Table 2. Under the header “AP” (active principle), this table contains the respective principle of action and associated therewith the pest to be controlled.

In a particularly preferred variant, the process according to the invention is used for treating genetically modified vegetable, maize, soya bean, cotton, tobacco, rice, potato and sugar beet varieties. These are preferably Bt plants.

The vegetable plants or varieties are, for example, the following useful plants:

-   -   potatoes: preferably starch potatoes, sweet potatoes and table         potatoes;     -   root vegetables: preferably carrots, turnips (swedes, stubble         turnips (Brassica rapa var. rapa), spring turnips, autumn         turnips (Brassica campestris ssp. rapifera)), Brassica rapa L.         ssp. rapa f. teltowiensis), scorzonera, Jerusalem artichoke,         turnip-rooted parsley, parsnip, radish and horseradish;     -   tuber vegetables: preferably kohlrabi, beetroot, celeriac,         garden radish;     -   bulb crops: preferably scallion, leek and onions (planting         onions and seed onions);     -   brassica vegetables: preferably headed cabbage (white cabbage,         red cabbage, kale, savoy cabbage), cauliflower, broccoli, curly         kale, marrow-stem kale, seakale and Brussels sprouts;     -   fruiting vegetables: preferably tomatoes (outdoor tomatoes,         vine-ripened tomatoes, beef tomatoes, greenhouse tomatoes,         cocktail tomatoes, industrial and fresh market tomatoes),         melons, eggplants, aubergines, pepper (sweet pepper and hot         pepper, Spanish pepper), chilli pepper, pumpkins, courgettes and         cucumbers (outdoor cucumbers, greenhouse cucumbers, snake gourds         and gherkins);     -   vegetable pulses: preferably bush beans (as sword beans, string         beans, flageolet beans, wax beans, corn beans of green- and         yellow-podded cultivars), pole beans (as sword beans, string         beans, flageolet beans, wax beans of green-, blue- and         yellow-podded cultivars), broadbeans (field beans, Windsor         beans, cultivars having white- and black-spotted flowers), peas         (chickling vetch, chickpeas, marrow peas, shelling peas, sugar         peas, smooth peas, cultivars having light- and dark-green fresh         fruits) and lentils;     -   green vegetables and stem vegetables: preferably Chinese         cabbage, round-headed garden lettuce, curled lettuce,         lamb's-lettuce, iceberg lettuce, romaine lettuce, oakleaf         lettuce, endives, radicchio, lollo rossa, ruccola lettuce,         chicory, spinach, chard (leaf chard and stem chard) and parsley;     -   other vegetables: preferably asparagus, rhubarb, chives,         artichokes, mint varieties, sunflowers, Florence fennel, dill,         garden cress, mustard, poppy seed, peanuts, sesame and salad         chicory.

Bt vegetables including exemplary methods for preparing them are described in detail, for example, in Barton et al., 1987, Plant Physiol. 85: 1103-1109; Vaeck et al., 1987, Nature 328: 33-37; Fischhoff et al., 1987, Bio/Technology 5: 807-813. In addition, Bt vegetable plants are already known as commercially available varieties, for example the potato cultivar NewLeaf (Monsanto). The preparation of Bt vegetables is also described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,072,105.

Likewise, Bt cotton is already known in principle, for example from U.S. Pat. No. 5,322,938. In the context of the present invention, particular preference is given to the Bt cotton with the trade names NuCOTN33® and NuCOTN33B® (expression of the Cry1Ac toxin).

The use and preparation of Bt maize has likewise already been known for a long time, for example from Ishida, Y., Saito, H., Ohta, S., Hiei, Y., Komari, T., and Kumashiro, T. (1996). High efficiency transformation of maize (Zea mayz L.) mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Nature Biotechnology 4: 745-750. EP-B-0485506, too, describes the preparation of Bt maize plants. Furthermore, different varieties of Bt maize are commercially available, for example under the following trade names (company/companies is/are in each case given in brackets): KnockOut® (Novartis Seeds, expression of the Cry1Ab toxin), NaturGard® (Mycogen Seeds, expression of the Cry1Ab toxin), Yieldgard® (Novartis Seeds, Monsanto, Cargill, Golden Harvest, Pioneer, DeKalb, inter alia, expression of the Cry1Ab toxin), Bt-Xtra® (DeKalb, expression of the Cry1Ac toxin), StarLink® (Aventis CropScience, Garst inter alia, expression of the Cry9c toxin), Herculex 1 (Mycogen, Pioneer, expression of the Cry1F toxin). For the purposes of the present invention, particular preference is given especially to the following maize cultivars: KnockOut®, NaturGard®, Yieldgard®, Bt-Xtra® and StarLink®.

Plants or plant varieties (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may be treated according to the invention are herbicide-tolerant plants, i.e. plants made tolerant to one or more given herbicides. Such plants can be obtained either by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such herbicide tolerance.

Herbicide-tolerant plants are for example glyphosate-tolerant plants, i.e. plants made tolerant to the herbicide glyphosate or salts thereof. For example, glyphosate-tolerant plants can be obtained by transforming the plant with a gene encoding the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS). Examples of such EPSPS genes are the AroA gene (mutant CT7) of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium (Comai et al., Science (1983), 221, 370-371), the CP4 gene of the bacterium Agrobacterium sp. (Barry et al., Curr. Topics Plant Physiol. (92), 7, 139-145), the genes encoding a petunia EPSPS (Shah et al., Science (1986), 233, 478-481), a tomato EPSPS (Gasser et al., J. Biol. Chem. (1988), 263, 4280-4289) or an Eleusine EPSPS (WO 2001/66704). It can also be a mutated EPSPS, as described, for example, in EP-A 0837944, WO 2000/066746, WO 2000/066747 or WO 2002/026995. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by expressing a gene that encodes a glyphosate oxidoreductase enzyme as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,776,760 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,463,175. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by expressing a gene that encodes a glyphosate acetyl transferase enzyme as described, for example, in WO 2002/036782, WO 2003/092360, WO 2005/012515 and WO 2007/024782. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by selecting plants containing naturally occurring mutations of the above-mentioned genes as described, for example, in WO 2001/024615 or WO 2003/013226.

Other herbicide-resistant plants are for example plants have been made tolerant to herbicides inhibiting the enzyme glutamine synthase, such as bialaphos, phosphinothricin or glufosinate. Such plants can be obtained by expressing an enzyme detoxifying the herbicide or a mutant glutamine synthase enzyme that is resistant to inhibition. One such efficient detoxifying enzyme is, for example, an enzyme encoding a phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (such as the bar or pat protein from Streptomyces species). Plants expressing an exogenous phosphinothricin acetyltransferase have been described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,561,236; U.S. Pat. No. 5,648,477; U.S. Pat. No. 5,646,024; U.S. Pat. No. 5,273,894; U.S. Pat. No. 5,637,489; U.S. Pat. No. 5,276,268; U.S. Pat. No. 5,739,082; U.S. Pat. No. 5,908,810 and U.S. Pat. No. 7,112,665.

Further herbicide-tolerant plants are also plants that have been made tolerant to the herbicides inhibiting the enzyme hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenase (HPPD). Hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenases are enzymes that catalyse the reaction in which para-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPP) is transformed into homogentisate. Plants tolerant to HPPD inhibitors can be transformed with a gene encoding a naturally occurring resistant HPPD enzyme, or a gene encoding a mutated HPPD enzyme according to WO 96/038567, WO 99/024585 and WO 99/024586. Tolerance to HPPD inhibitors can also be obtained by transforming plants with genes encoding certain enzymes enabling the formation of homogentisate despite the inhibition of the native HPPD enzyme by the HPPD inhibitor. Such plants and genes are described in WO 99/034008 and WO 2002/36787. Tolerance of plants to HPPD inhibitors can also be improved by transforming plants with a gene encoding an prephenate dehydrogenase enzyme in addition to a gene encoding an HPPD-tolerant enzyme, as described in WO 2004/024928.

Further herbicide-resistant plants are plants that have been made tolerant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors. Known ALS inhibitors include, for example, sulphonylurea, imidazolinone, triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidinyloxy(thio)benzoates, and/or sulphonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone herbicides. Different mutations in the ALS enzyme (also known as acetohydroxy acid synthase, AHAS) are known to impart tolerance to different herbicides and groups of herbicides, as described, for example, in Tranel and Wright, Weed Science (2002), 50, 700-712, and also in U.S. Pat. No. 5,605,011, U.S. Pat. No. 5,378,824, U.S. Pat. No. 5,141,870 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,013,659. The production of sulphonylurea-tolerant plants and imidazolinone-tolerant plants has been described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,605,011; U.S. Pat. No. 5,013,659; U.S. Pat. No. 5,141,870; U.S. Pat. No. 5,767,361; U.S. Pat. No. 5,731,180; U.S. Pat. No. 5,304,732; U.S. Pat. No. 4,761,373; U.S. Pat. No. 5,331,107; U.S. Pat. No. 5,928,937; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,378,824; and also in the international publication WO 96/033270. Further imidazolinone-tolerant plants have also been described, for example in WO 2004/040012, WO 2004/106529, WO 2005/020673, WO 2005/093093, WO 2006/007373, WO 2006/015376, WO 2006/024351 and WO 2006/060634. Further sulphonylurea- and imidazolinone-tolerant plants have also been described, for example in WO 2007/024782.

Other plants tolerant to imidazolinone and/or sulphonylurea can be obtained by induced mutagenesis, by selection in cell cultures in the presence of the herbicide or by mutation breeding, as described, for example, for soya beans in U.S. Pat. No. 5,084,082, for rice in WO 97/41218, for sugar beet in U.S. Pat. No. 5,773,702 and WO 99/057965, for lettuce in U.S. Pat. No. 5,198,599 or for sunflower in WO 2001/065922.

For soya beans, too, Roundup®Ready varieties or varieties having resistance to the herbicide Liberty Link® can be obtained and treated according to the invention. In the case of rice, a large number of “Golden Rice” lines are available which are likewise characterized in that, by virtue of a genetic modification, they have an increased content of provitamin A. These too are examples of plants which can be treated by the process according to the invention, with the advantages indicated.

Plants or plant varieties (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention are tolerant to abiotic stress factors. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such stress resistance. Particularly useful stress-tolerant plants include the following:

-   a. plants which contain a transgene capable of reducing the     expression and/or the activity of the poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase     (PARP) gene in the plant cells or plants, as described in WO     2000/004173 or EP 04077984.5 or EP 06009836.5. -   b. plants which contain a stress tolerance-enhancing transgene     capable of reducing the expression and/or the activity of the PARG     encoding genes of the plants or plant cells, as described, for     example, in WO 2004/090140; -   c. plants which contain a stress tolerance-enhancing transgene     coding for a plant-functional enzyme of the nicotinamide adenine     dinucleotide salvage biosynthesis pathway, including nicotinamidase,     nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase, nicotinic acid mononucleotide     adenyl transferase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthetase or     nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, as described, for example,     in EP 04077624.7 or WO 2006/133827 or PCT/EP07/002433.

Plants or plant varieties (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention show altered quantity, quality and/or storage-stability of the harvested product and/or altered properties of specific ingredients of the harvested product such as, for example:

-   1) Transgenic plants synthesizing a modified starch which, with     respect to their physicochemical properties, in particular the     amylose content or the amylose/amylopectin ratio, the degree of     branching, the average chain length, the distribution of the side     chains, the viscosity behaviour, the gel strength, the starch grain     size and/or the starch grain morphology, are modified compared to     the starch synthesized in wild-type plant celle or plants, such that     the starch synthesized is more suitable for certain applications.     These transgenic plants synthesizing a modified starch are     described, for example, in EP 0571427, WO 95/004826, EP 0719338, WO     96/15248, WO 96/19581, WO 96/27674, WO 97/11188, WO 97/26362, WO     97/32985, WO 97/42328, WO 97/44472, WO 97/45545, WO 98/27212, WO     98/40503, WO 99/58688, WO 99/58690, WO 99/58654, WO 2000/008184, WO     2000/008185, WO 2000/28052, WO 2000/77229, WO 2001/12782, WO     2001/12826, WO 2002/101059, WO 2003/071860, WO 2004/056999, WO     2005/030942, WO 2005/030941, WO 2005/095632, WO 2005/095617, WO     2005/095619, WO 2005/095618, WO 2005/123927, WO 2006/018319, WO     2006/103107, WO 2006/108702, WO 2007/009823, WO 2000/22140, WO     2006/063862, WO 2006/072603, WO 2002/034923, EP 06090134.5, EP     06090228.5, EP 06090227.7, EP 07090007.1, EP 07090009.7, WO     2001/14569, WO 2002/79410, WO 2003/33540, WO 2004/078983, WO     2001/975, WO 95/26407, WO 96/34968, WO 98/20145, WO 99/12950, WO     99/66050, WO 99/53072, U.S. Pat. No. 6,734,341, WO 2000/11192, WO     98/22604, WO 98/32326, WO 2001/98509, WO 2001/98509, WO 2005/002359,     U.S. Pat. No. 5,824,790, U.S. Pat. No. 6,013,861, WO 94/004693, WO     94/009144, WO 94/11520, WO 95/35026 and WO 97/20936. -   2) transgenic plants which synthesize non-starch carbohydrate     polymers or which synthesize non-starch carbohydrate polymers with     altered properties in comparison to wild type plants without genetic     modification. Examples are plants which produce polyfructose,     especially of the inulin and levan types, as described in EP     0663956, WO 96/001904, WO 96/021023, WO 98/039460 and WO 99/024593,     plants which produce alpha-1,4-glucans, as described in WO     95/031553, US 2002/031826, U.S. Pat. No. 6,284,479, U.S. Pat. No.     5,712,107, WO 97/047806, WO 97/047807, WO 97/047808 and WO     2000/14249, plants which produce alpha-1,6-branched     alpha-1,4-glucans, as described in WO 2000/73422, and plants which     produce alternan, as described in WO 2000/047727, EP 06077301.7,     U.S. Pat. No. 5,908,975 and EP 0728213. -   3) transgenic plants which produce hyaluronan, as described, for     example, in WO 2006/032538, WO 2007/039314, WO 2007/039315, WO     2007/039316, JP 2006/304779 and WO 2005/012529.

Plants or plant varieties (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention are plants, such as cotton plants, with altered fibre characteristics. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such altered fibre characteristics and include:

-   a) plants, such as cotton plants, which contain an altered form of     cellulose synthase genes, as described in WO 98/000549, -   b) plants, such as cotton plants, which contain an altered form of     rsw2 or rsw3 homologous nucleic acids, as described in WO     2004/053219; -   c) plants, such as cotton plants, with an increased expression of     sucrose phosphate synthase, as described in WO 2001/017333; -   d) plants, such as cotton plants, with an increased expression of     sucrose synthase, as described in WO 2002/45485; -   e) plants, such as cotton plants, wherein the timing of the     plasmodesmatal gating at the basis of the fibre cell is altered, for     example through downregulation of fibre-selective (3-1,3-glucanase,     as described in WO 2005/017157; -   f) plants, such as cotton plants, which have fibres with altered     reactivity, for example through the expression of the     N-acetylglucosaminetransferase gene including nodC and chitin     synthase genes, as described in WO 2006/136351.

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention are plants, such as oilseed rape or related Brassica plants, with altered oil profile characteristics. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such altered oil characteristics and include:

-   a) plants, such as oilseed rape plants, which produce oil having a     high oleic acid content, as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No.     5,969,169, U.S. Pat. No. 5,840,946 or U.S. Pat. No. 6,323,392 or     U.S. Pat. No. 6,063,947; -   b) plants, such as oilseed rape plants, which produce oil having a     low linolenic acid content, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,270,828,     U.S. Pat. No. 6,169,190 or U.S. Pat. No. 5,965,755. -   c) plants, such as oilseed rape plants, which produce oil having a     low level of saturated fatty acids, as described, for example, in     U.S. Pat. No. 5,434,283.

Particularly useful transgenic plants which may be treated according to the invention are plants containing transformation events, or a combination of transformation events, that are listed for example in the databases of various national or regional regulatory agencies (see for example, gmoinfo.jrc.it/gmp_browse.aspx and www.agbios.com/dbase.php)

The method according to the invention is suitable for controlling a large number of harmful organisms which occur in particular in vegetables, maize and cotton, in particular insects and arachnids, very particularly preferably insects. The pests mentioned include:

-   -   From the order of the Anoplura (Phthiraptera), for example,         Damalinia spp., Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus         spp., Trichodectes spp.     -   From the class of the Arachnida, for example, Acarus siro,         Aceria sheldoni, Aculops spp., Aculus spp., Amblyomma spp.,         Argas spp., Boophilus spp., Brevipalpus spp., Bryobia praetiosa,         Chorioptes spp., Dermanyssus gallinae, Eotetranychus spp.,         Epitrimerus pyri, Eutetranychus spp., Eriophyes spp.,         Hemitarsonemus spp., Hyalomma spp., Ixodes spp., Latrodectus         mactans, Metatetranychus spp., Oligonychus spp., Ornithodoros         spp., Panonychus spp., Phyllocoptruta oleivora,         Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Psoroptes spp., Rhipicephalus spp.,         Rhizoglyphus spp., Sarcoptes spp., Scorpio maurus,         Stenotarsonemus spp., Tarsonemus spp., Tetranychus spp., Vasates         lycopersici.     -   From the class of the Bivalva, for example, Dreissena spp.     -   From the order of the Chilopoda, for example, Geophilus         carpophagus and Scutigera spp.     -   From the order of the Coleoptera, for example, Acanthoscelides         obtectus, Adoretus spp., Agelastica alni, Agriotes spp.,         Amphimallon solstitialis, Anobium punctatum, Anoplophora spp.,         Anthonomus spp., Anthrenus spp., Apogonia spp., Atomaria spp.,         Attagenus spp., Bruchidius obtectus, Bruchus spp.,         Ceuthorhynchus spp., Cleonus mendicus, Conoderus spp.,         Cosmopolites spp., Costelytra zealandica, Curculio spp.,         Cryptorhynchus lapathi, Dermestes spp., Diabrotica spp.,         Epilachna spp., Faustinus cubae, Gibbium psylloides,         Heteronychus arator, Hylamorpha elegans, Hylotrupes bajulus,         Hypera postica, Hypothenemus spp., Lachnosterna consanguinea,         Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Lixus         spp., Lyctus spp., Meligethes aeneus, Melolontha melolontha,         Migdolus spp., Monochamus spp., Naupactus xanthographus, Niptus         hololeucus, Oryctes rhinoceros, Oryzaephilus surinamensis,         Otiorrhynchus sulcatus, Oxycetonia jucunda, Phaedon cochleariae,         Phyllophaga spp., Popillia japonica, Premnotrypes spp.,         Psylliodes chrysocephala, Ptinus spp., Rhizobius ventralis,         Rhizopertha dominica, Sitophilus spp., Sphenophorus spp.,         Sternechus spp., Symphyletes spp., Tenebrio molitor, Tribolium         spp., Trogoderma spp., Tychius spp., Xylotrechus spp., Zabrus         spp.     -   From the order of the Collembola, for example, Onychiurus         armatus.     -   From the order of the Dermaptera, for example, Forficula         auricularia.     -   From the order of the Diptera, for example, Aedes spp.,         Anopheles spp., Bibio hortulanus, Calliphora erythrocephala,         Ceratitis capitata, Chrysomyia spp., Cochliomyia spp.,         Cordylobia anthropophaga, Culex spp., Cuterebra spp., Dacus         oleae, Dermatobia hominis, Drosophila spp., Fannia spp.,         Gastrophilus spp., Hylemyia spp., Hyppobosca spp., Hypoderma         spp., Liriomyza spp. Lucilia spp., Musca spp., Nezara spp.,         Oestrus spp., Oscinella frit, Pegomyia hyoscyami, Phorbia spp.,         Stomoxys spp., Tabanus spp., Tannia spp., Tipula paludosa,         Wohlfahrtia spp.     -   From the class of the Gastropoda, for example, Arion spp.,         Biomphalaria spp., Bulinus spp., Deroceras spp., Galba spp.,         Lymnaea spp., Oncomelania spp., Succinea spp.     -   From the class of the helminths, for example, Ancylostoma         duodenale, Ancylostoma ceylanicum, Acylostoma braziliensis,         Ancylostoma spp., Ascaris lumbricoides, Ascaris spp., Brugia         malayi, Brugia timori, Bunostomum spp., Chabertia spp.,         Clonorchis spp., Cooperia spp., Dicrocoelium spp, Dictyocaulus         filaria, Diphyllobothrium latum, Dracunculus medinensis,         Echinococcus granulosus, Echinococcus multilocularis, Enterobius         vermicularis, Faciola spp., Haemonchus spp., Heterakis spp.,         Hymenolepis nana, Hyostrongulus spp., Loa Loa, Nematodirus spp.,         Oesophagostomum spp., Opisthorchis spp., Onchocerca volvulus,         Ostertagia spp., Paragonimus spp., Schistosomen spp.,         Strongyloides fuelleborni, Strongyloides stercoralis,         Stronyloides spp., Taenia saginata, Taenia solium, Trichinella         spiralis, Trichinella nativa, Trichinella britovi, Trichinella         nelsoni, Trichinella pseudopsiralis, Trichostrongulus spp.,         Trichuris trichiura, Wuchereria bancrofti.     -   It is furthermore possible to control Protozoa, such as Eimeria.     -   From the order of the Heteroptera, for example, Anasa tristis,         Antestiopsis spp., Blissus spp., Calocoris spp., Campylomma         livida, Cavelerius spp., Cimex spp., Creontiades dilutus,         Dasynus piperis, Dichelops furcatus, Diconocoris hewetti,         Dysdercus spp., Euschistus spp., Eurygaster spp., Heliopeltis         spp., Horcias nobilellus, Leptocorisa spp., Leptoglossus         phyllopus, Lygus spp., Macropes excavatus, Miridae, Nezara spp.,         Oebalus spp., Pentomidae, Piesma quadrata, Piezodorus spp.,         Psallus seriatus, Pseudacysta persea, Rhodnius spp.,         Sahlbergella singularis, Scotinophora spp., Stephanitis nashi,         Tibraca spp., Triatoma spp.     -   From the order of the Homoptera, for example, Acyrthosipon spp.,         Aeneolamia spp., Agonoscena spp., Aleurodes spp., Aleurolobus         barodensis, Aleurothrixus spp., Amrasca spp., Anuraphis cardui,         Aonidiella spp., Aphanostigma piri, Aphis spp., Arboridia         apicalis, Aspidiella spp., Aspidiotus spp., Atanus spp.,         Aulacorthum solani, Bemisia spp., Brachycaudus helichrysii,         Brachycolus spp., Brevicoryne brassicae, Calligypona marginata,         Carneocephala fulgida, Ceratovacuna lanigera, Cercopidae,         Ceroplastes spp., Chaetosiphon fragaefolii, Chionaspis         tegalensis, Chlorita onukii, Chromaphis juglandicola,         Chrysomphalus ficus, Cicadulina mbila, Coccomytilus halli,         Coccus spp., Cryptomyzus ribis, Dalbulus spp., Dialeurodes spp.,         Diaphorina spp., Diaspis spp., Doralis spp., Drosicha spp.,         Dysaphis spp., Dysmicoccus spp., Empoasca spp., Eriosoma spp.,         Erythroneura spp., Euscelis bilobatus, Geococcus coffeae,         Homalodisca coagulata, Hyalopterus arundinis, Icerya spp.,         Idiocerus spp., Idioscopus spp., Laodelphax striatellus,         Lecanium spp., Lepidosaphes spp., Lipaphis erysimi, Macrosiphum         spp., Mahanarva fimbriolata, Melanaphis sacchari, Metcalfiella         spp., Metopolophium dirhodum, Monellia costalis, Monelliopsis         pecanis, Myzus spp., Nasonovia ribisnigri, Nephotettix spp.,         Nilaparvata lugens, Oncometopia spp., Orthezia praelonga,         Parabemisia myricae, Paratrioza spp., Parlatoria spp., Pemphigus         spp., Peregrinus maidis, Phenacoccus spp., Phloeomyzus         passerinii, Phorodon humuli, Phylloxera spp., Pinnaspis         aspidistrae, Planococcus spp., Protopulvinaria pyriformis,         Pseudaulacaspis pentagona, Pseudococcus spp., Psylla spp.,         Pteromalus spp., Pyrilla spp., Quadraspidiotus spp., Quesada         gigas, Rastrococcus spp., Rhopalosiphum spp., Saissetia spp.,         Scaphoides titanus, Schizaphis graminum, Selenaspidus         articulatus, Sogata spp., Sogatella furcifera, Sogatodes spp.,         Stictocephala festina, Tenalaphara malayensis, Tinocallis         caryaefoliae, Tomaspis spp., Toxoptera spp., Trialeurodes         vaporariorum, Trioza spp., Typhlocyba spp., Unaspis spp., Viteus         vitifolii.     -   From the order of the Hymenoptera, for example, Diprion spp.,         Hoplocampa spp., Lasius spp., Monomorium pharaonis and Vespa         spp.     -   From the order of the Isopoda, for example, Armadillidium         vulgare, Oniscus asellus, Porcellio scaber.     -   From the order of the Isoptera, for example, Reticulitermes spp.         and Odontotermes spp.     -   From the order of the Lepidoptera, for example, Acronicta major,         Aedia leucomelas, Agrotis spp., Alabama argillacea, Anticarsia         spp., Barathra brassicae, Bucculatrix thurberiella, Bupalus         piniarius, Cacoecia podana, Capua reticulana, Carpocapsa         pomonella, Cheimatobia brumata, Chilo spp., Choristoneura         fumiferana, Clysia ambiguella, Cnaphalocerus spp., Earias         insulana, Ephestia kuehniella, Euproctis chrysorrhoea, Euxoa         spp., Feltia spp., Galleria mellonella, Helicoverpa spp.,         Heliothis spp., Hofmannophila pseudospretella, Homona magnanima,         Hyponomeuta padella, Laphygma spp., Lithocolletis blancardella,         Lithophane antennata, Loxagrotis albicosta, Lymantria spp.,         Malacosoma neustria, Mamestra brassicae, Mocis repanda, Mythimna         separata, Oria spp., Oulema oryzae, Panolis flammea,         Pectinophora gossypiella, Phyllocnistis citrella, Pieris spp.,         Plutella xylostella, Prodenia spp., Pseudaletia spp.,         Pseudoplusia includens, Pyrausta nubilalis, Spodoptera spp.,         Thermesia gemmatalis, Tinea pellionella, Tineola bisselliella,         Tortrix viridana, Trichoplusia spp.     -   From the order of the Orthoptera, for example, Acheta         domesticus, Blatta orientalis, Blattella germanica, Gryllotalpa         spp., Leucophaea maderae, Locusta spp., Melanoplus spp.,         Periplaneta americana, Schistocerca gregaria.     -   From the order of the Siphonaptera, for example, Ceratophyllus         spp. and Xenopsylla cheopis.     -   From the order of the Symphyla, for example, Scutigerella         immaculata.     -   From the order of the Thysanoptera, for example, Baliothrips         biformis, Enneothrips flavens, Frankliniella spp., Heliothrips         spp., Hercinothrips femoralis, Kakothrips spp., Rhipiphorothrips         cruentatus, Scirtothrips spp., Taeniothrips cardamoni and Thrips         spp.     -   From the order of the Thysanura, for example, Lepisma         saccharina.     -   The phytoparasitic nematodes include, for example, Anguina spp.,         Aphelenchoides spp., Belonoaimus spp., Bursaphelenchus spp.,         Ditylenchus dipsaci, Globodera spp., Heliocotylenchus spp.,         Heterodera spp., Longidorus spp., Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus         spp., Radopholus similis, Rotylenchus spp., Trichodorus spp.,         Tylenchorhynchus spp., Tylenchulus spp., Tylenchulus         semipenetrans, Xiphinema spp.

The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for treating Bt vegetables, Bt maize, Bt cotton, Bt soya beans, Bt tobacco and also Bt rice, Bt sugar beet or Bt potatoes for controlling aphids (Aphidina), whiteflies (Trialeurodes), thrips (Thysanoptera), spider mites (Arachnida), scale insects and mealy-bugs (Coccoidae and Pseudococcoidae).

The active compounds which can be used according to the invention can be employed in customary formulations, such as solutions, emulsions, wettable powders, water- and oil-based suspensions, powders, dusts, pastes, soluble powders, soluble granules, granules for broadcasting, suspoemulsion concentrates, natural compounds impregnated with active compound, synthetic substances impregnated with active compound, fertilizers and also microencapsulations in polymeric substances.

These formulations are produced in a known manner, for example by mixing the active compounds with extenders, that is, liquid solvents, and/or solid carriers, optionally with the use of surfactants, that is to say emulsifiers and/or dispersants, and/or foam-formers. The formulations are prepared either in suitable plants or else before or during application.

Wettable powders are preparations which can be dispersed homogeneously in water and which, in addition to the active compound and beside a diluent or inert substance, also comprise wetting agents, for example polyethoxylated alkylphenols, polyethoxylated fatty alcohols, alkylsulphonates or alkylphenylsulphonates and dispersants, for example sodium lignosulphonate, sodium 2,2′-dinaphthylmethane-6,6′-disulphonate.

Dusts are obtained by grinding the active compound with finely distributed solid substances, for example talc, natural clays, such as kaolin, bentonite, pyrophillite or diatomaceous earth. Granules can be prepared either by spraying the active compound onto granular inert material capable of adsorption or by applying active compound concentrates to the surface of carrier substances, such as sand, kaolinites or granular inert material, by means of adhesives, for example polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate or mineral oils. Suitable active compounds can also be granulated in the manner customary for the preparation of fertilizer granules—if desired as a mixture with fertilizers.

Suitable for use as auxiliaries are substances which are suitable for imparting to the composition itself and/or to preparations derived therefrom (for example spray liquors, seed dressings) particular properties such as certain technical properties and/or also particular biological properties. Typical auxiliaries are: extenders, solvents and carriers.

Suitable extenders are, for example, water, polar and nonpolar organic chemical liquids, for example from the classes of the aromatic and non-aromatic hydrocarbons (such as paraffins, alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, chlorobenzenes), the alcohols and polyols (which, if appropriate, may also be substituted, etherified and/or esterified), the ketones (such as acetone, cyclohexanone), esters (including fats and oils) and (poly)ethers, the unsubstituted and substituted amines, amides, lactams (such as N-alkylpyrrolidones) and lactones, the sulphones and sulphoxides (such as dimethyl sulphoxide).

If the extender used is water, it is also possible to employ, for example, organic solvents as auxiliary solvents. Essentially, suitable liquid solvents are: aromatics such as xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatics and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes or methylene chloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane or paraffins, for example petroleum fractions, mineral and vegetable oils, alcohols such as butanol or glycol and also their ethers and esters, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents such as dimethyl sulphoxide, and also water.

Suitable solid carriers are:

for example ammonium salts and ground natural minerals such as kaolins, clays, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth, and ground synthetic materials such as highly-disperse silica, alumina and silicates; suitable solid carriers for granules are: for example, crushed and fractionated natural rocks such as calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite and dolomite, and also synthetic granules of inorganic and organic meals, and granules of organic material such as paper, sawdust, coconut shells, maize cobs and tobacco stalks; suitable emulsifiers and/or foam-formers are: for example, nonionic and anionic emulsifiers, such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers, for example alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkylsulphonates, alkyl sulphates, arylsulphonates and also protein hydrolysates; suitable dispersants are nonionic and/or ionic substances, for example from the classes of the alcohol-POE and/or -POP ethers, acid and/or POP POE esters, alkylaryl and/or POP POE ethers, fat and/or POP POE adducts, POE- and/or POP-polyol derivatives, POE- and/or POP-sorbitan or -sugar adducts, alkyl or aryl sulphates, alkyl- or arylsulphonates and alkyl or aryl phosphates or the corresponding PO-ether adducts.

Furthermore, suitable oligo- or polymers, for example those derived from vinylic monomers, from acrylic acid, from EO and/or PO alone or in combination with, for example, (poly)alcohols or (poly)amines. It is also possible to employ lignin and its sulphonic acid derivatives, unmodified and modified celluloses, aromatic and/or aliphatic sulphonic acids and their adducts with formaldehyde.

Tackifiers such as carboxymethylcellulose and natural and synthetic polymers in the form of powders, granules or latices, such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate, as well as natural phospholipids such as cephalins and lecithins, and synthetic phospholipids, can be used in the formulations.

It is possible to use colorants such as inorganic pigments, for example iron oxide, titanium oxide and Prussian Blue, and organic colorants such as alizarin colorants, azo colorants and metal phthalocyanine colorants, and trace nutrients such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc.

Other possible additives are perfumes, mineral or vegetable, optionally modified oils, waxes and nutrients (including trace nutrients), such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc.

Stabilizers, such as low-temperature stabilizers, preservatives, antioxidants, light stabilizers or other agents which improve chemical and/or physical stability may also be present.

These individual types of formulation are known in principle and are described, for example, in: “Pesticides Formulations”, 2nd Ed., Marcel Dekker N.Y.; Martens, 1979, “Spray Drying Handbook”, 3rd Ed., G. Goodwin Ltd. London.

Based on his general expert knowledge, the person skilled in the art is able to choose suitable formulation auxiliaries (in this context, see, for example, Watkins, “Handbook of Insecticide Dust Diluents and Carriers”, 2nd Ed., Darland Books, Caldwell N.J.).

In a preferred embodiment, the plants or plant parts are treated according to the invention with an oil-based suspension concentrate. An advantageous suspension concentrate is known from WO 2005/084435 (EP 1 725 104 A2). It consists of at least one room-temperature-solid active agrochemical substance, at least one “closed” penetrant, at least one vegetable oil or mineral oil, at least one nonionic surfactant and/or at least one anionic surfactant, and optionally one or more additives from the groups of the emulsifiers, foam inhibitors, preservatives, antioxidants, colorants and/or inert filler materials. Preferred embodiments of the suspension concentrate are described in the abovementioned WO 2005/084435. For the purpose of disclosure, both documents are incorporated herein in their entirety.

In a further preferred embodiment, the genetically modified plants or plant parts are treated according to the invention with compositions comprising ammonium or phosphonium salts and, if appropriate, penetrants. Advantageous compositions are known from WO 2007/068355. They consist of at least one compound of the formula (I) and at least one ammonium or phosphonium salt and, if appropriate, penetrants. Preferred embodiments are described in WO 2007/068355. For the purpose of disclosure, this document is incorporated herein in its entirety.

In general, the formulations comprise from 0.01 to 98% by weight of active compound, preferably from 0.5 to 90%. In wettable powders, the active compound concentration is, for example, from about 10 to 90% by weight, the remainder to 100% by weight consisting of customary formulation components. In the case of emulsifiable concentrates, the active compound concentration can be from about 5 to 80% by weight. In most cases, formulations in the form of dusts comprise from 5 to 20% by weight of active compound, sprayable solutions comprise about 2 to 20% by weight. In the case of granules, the active compound content depends partially on whether the active compound is present in liquid or solid form and on which granulation auxiliaries, fillers, etc., are used.

The required application rate may also vary with external conditions such as, inter alia, temperature and humidity. It may vary within wide limits, for example between 0.1 g/ha and 5.0 kg/ha or more of active substance. However, it is preferably between 0.1 g/ha and 1.0 kg/ha. Owing to the synergistic effects between Bt vegetable and insecticide, particular preference is given to application rates of from 0.1 to 500 g/ha.

For compounds of the formula (I), preference is given to application rates of from 10 to 500 g/ha, particular preference is given to 10 to 200 g/ha.

In a particular embodiment of the method according to the invention, the compound of the formula (I) is employed in an application rate of from 0.1 g/ha to 5.0 kg/ha, preferably from 0.1 to 500 g/ha and particularly preferably from 50 to 500 g/ha and especially preferably from 50 to 200 g/ha.

In their commercial formulations and in the use forms prepared from these formulations, the active compounds according to the invention may be present as mixtures with other active compounds, such as insecticides, attractants, sterilants, acaricides, nematicides, fungicides, growth-regulating substances or herbicides.

Particularly favourable examples of co-components in mixtures are the following compounds:

Fungicides:

Inhibitors of Nucleic Acid Synthesis

benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, bupirimate, chiralaxyl, clozylacon, dimethirimol, ethirimol, furalaxyl, hymexazol, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, ofurace, oxadixyl, oxolinic acid

Inhibitors of Mitosis and Cell Division

benomyl, carbendazim, diethofencarb, fuberidazole, pencycuron, thiabendazole, thiophanat-methyl, zoxamide

Inhibitors of Respiratory Chain Complex I/II

diflumetorim

bixafen, boscalid, carboxin, fenfuram, fluopyram, flutolanil, furametpyr, mepronil, oxycarboxin, penthiopyrad, thifluzamide, N-[2-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)phenyl]-5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide

Inhibitors of Respiratory Chain Complex III

amisulbrom, azoxystrobin, cyazofamid, dimoxystrobin, enestrobin, famoxadone, fenamidone, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyribencarb, picoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin

Decouplers

dinocap, fluazinam

Inhibitors of ATP Production

fentin acetate, fentin chloride, fentin hydroxide, silthiofam

Inhibitors of Amino Acid Biosynthesis and Protein Biosynthesis

andoprim, blasticidin-S, cyprodinil, kasugamycin, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil

Inhibitors of Signal Transduction

fenpiclonil, fludioxonil, quinoxyfen

Inhibitors of Lipid and Membrane Synthesis

chlozolinate, iprodione, procymidone, vinclozolin

ampropylfos, potassium-ampropylfos, edifenphos, iprobenfos (IBP), isoprothiolane, pyrazophos

tolclofos-methyl, biphenyl

iodocarb, propamocarb, propamocarb hydrochloride

Inhibitors of Ergosterol Biosynthesis

fenhexamid,

azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, diclobutrazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, diniconazole-M, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, furconazole, furconazole-cis, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, paclobutrazole, penconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, simeconazole, spiroxamine, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triticonazole, uniconazole, voriconazole, imazalil, imazalil sulphate, oxpoconazole, fenarimol, flurprimidole, nuarimol, pyrifenox, triforine, pefurazoate, prochloraz, triflumizole, viniconazole, aldimorph, dodemorph, dodemorph acetate, fenpropimorph, tridemorph, fenpropidin, spiroxamine, naftifine, pyributicarb, terbinafine Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis benthiavalicarb, bialaphos, dimethomorph, flumorph, iprovalicarb, polyoxins, polyoxorim, validamycin A Inhibitors of Melanin Biosynthesis capropamid, diclocymet, fenoxanil, phthalid, pyroquilon, tricyclazole Resistance Induction acibenzolar-S-methyl, probenazole, tiadinil Multisite captafol, captan, chlorothalonil, copper salts such as: copper hydroxide, copper naphthenate, copper oxychloride, copper sulphate, copper oxide, oxine-copper and Bordeaux mixture, dichlofluanid, dithianon, dodine, dodine free base, ferbam, folpet, fluorofolpet, guazatine, guazatine acetate, iminoctadine, iminoctadine albesilate, iminoctadine triacetate, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, metiram zinc, propineb, sulphur and sulphur preparations containing calcium polysulphide, thiram, tolylfluanid, zineb, ziram Unknown Mechanism amibromdol, benthiazole, bethoxazin, capsimycin, carvone, chinomethionat, chloropicrin, cufraneb, cyflufenamid, cymoxanil, dazomet, debacarb, diclomezine, dichlorophen, dicloran, difenzoquat, difenzoquat methyl sulphate, diphenylamine, ethaboxam, ferimzone, flumetover, flusulfamide, fluopicolid, fluoroimid, fosetyl-Al, hexachlorobenzene, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulphate, iprodione, irumamycin, isotianil, methasulfocarb, metrafenone, methyl isothiocyanate, mildiomycin, natamycin, nickel dimethyl dithiocarbamate, nitrothal-isopropyl, octhilinone, oxamocarb, oxyfenthiin, pentachlorophenol and salts, 2-phenylphenol and salts, piperalin, propanosine-sodium, proquinazid, pyrrolnitrin, quintozene, tecloftalam, tecnazene, triazoxide, trichlamide, zarilamid and 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-4-(methylsulphonyl)pyridine, N-(4-chloro-2-nitrophenyl)-N-ethyl-4-methylbenzenesulphonamide, 2-amino-4-methyl-N-phenyl-5-thiazolecarboxamide, 2-chloro-N-(2,3-dihydro-1,1,3-trimethyl-1H-inden-4-yl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide, 3-[5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dimethylisoxazolidin-3-yl]pyridine, cis-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)cycloheptanol, 2,4-dihydro-5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-[[[[1-[3(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethylidene]amino]oxy]methyl]phenyl]-3H-1,2,3-triazol-3-one (185336-79-2), methyl 1-(2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-1H-inden-1-yl)-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate, 3,4,5-trichloro-2,6-pyridinedicarbonitrile, methyl 2-[[[cyclopropyl[(4-methoxyphenyl)imino]methyl]thio]methyl]-.alpha.-(methoxymethylene)benzacetate, 4-chloro-alpha-propynyloxy-N-[2-[3-methoxy-4-(2-propynyloxy)phenyl]ethyl]benzacetamide, (2S)—N-[2-[4-[[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-propynyl]oxy]-3-methoxyphenyl]ethyl]-3-methyl-2-[(methylsulphonyl)amino]butanamide, 5-chloro-7-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-6-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl) [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine, 5-chloro-6-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)-N-[(1R)-1,2,2-trimethylpropyl][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-amine, 5-chloro-N-[(1R)-1,2-dimethylpropyl]-6-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-amine, N-[1-(5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-2,4-dichloronicotinamide, N-(5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)methyl-2,4-dichloronicotinamide, 2-butoxy-6-iodo-3-propylbenzopyranon-4-one, N—{(Z)-[(cyclopropylmethoxy)imino][6-(difluoromethoxy)-2,3-difluorophenyl]methyl}-2-benzacetamide, N-(3-ethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl)-3-formylamino-2-hydroxybenzamide, 2-[[[[1-[3-(1-fluoro-2-phenyl-ethyl)oxy]phenyl]ethylidene]amino]oxy]methyl]-alpha-(methoxyimino)-N-methyl-alphaE-benzacetamide, N-{2-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]ethyl}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, N-(3′,4′-dichloro-5-fluorobiphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-(6-methoxy-3-pyridinyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide, 1-[(4-methoxyphenoxy)methyl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl-1H-imidazole-1-carboxylic acid, O-[1-[(4-methoxyphenoxy)methyl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl]-1H-imidazole-1-carbothioic acid, 2-(2-{[6-(3-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methylacetamide Bactericides: bronopol, dichlorophen, nitrapyrin, nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate, kasugamycin, octhilinone, furancarboxylic acid, oxytetracycline, probenazole, streptomycin, tecloftalam, copper sulphate and other copper preparations. Insecticides/Acaricides/Nematicides: Acetylcholine Esterase (AChE) Inhibitors carbamates, for example alanycarb, aldicarb, aldoxycarb, allyxycarb, aminocarb, bendiocarb, benfuracarb, bufencarb, butacarb, butocarboxim, butoxycarboxim, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulphan, cloethocarb, dimetilan, ethiofencarb, fenobucarb, fenothiocarb, fenoxycarb, formetanate, furathiocarb, isoprocarb, metam-sodium, methiocarb, methomyl, metolcarb, oxamyl, pirimicarb, promecarb, propoxur, thiodicarb, thiofanox, trimethacarb, XMC, xylylcarb, triazamate organophosphates, for example acephate, azamethiphos, azinphos (-methyl, -ethyl), bromophos-ethyl, bromfenvinfos (-methyl), butathiofos, cadusafos, carbophenothion, chlorethoxyfos, chlorfenvinphos, chlormephos, chlorpyrifos (-methyl/-ethyl), coumaphos, cyanofenphos, cyanophos, chlorfenvinphos, demeton-S-methyl, demeton-S-methylsulphone, dialifos, diazinon, dichlofenthion, dichlorvos/DDVP, dicrotophos, dimethoate, dimethylvinphos, dioxabenzofos, disulphoton, EPN, ethion, ethoprophos, etrimfos, famphur, fenamiphos, fenitrothion, fensulphothion, fenthion, flupyrazofos, fonofos, formothion, fosmethilan, fosthiazate, heptenophos, iodofenphos, iprobenfos, isazofos, isofenphos, isopropyl O-salicylate, isoxathion, malathion, mecarbam, methacrifos, methamidophos, methidathion, mevinphos, monocrotophos, naled, omethoate, oxydemeton-methyl, parathion (-methyl/-ethyl), phenthoate, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, phosphocarb, phoxim, pirimiphos (-methyl/-ethyl), profenofos, propaphos, propetamphos, prothiofos, prothoate, pyraclofos, pyridaphenthion, pyridathion, quinalphos, sebufos, sulphotep, sulprofos, tebupirimfos, temephos, terbufos, tetrachlorvinphos, thiometon, triazophos, triclorfon, vamidothion Sodium Channel Modulators/Voltage-Dependent Sodium Channel Blockers pyrethroids, for example acrinathrin, allethrin (d-cis-trans, d-trans), beta-cyfluthrin, bifenthrin, bioallethrin, bioallethrin-S-cyclopentyl isomer, bioethanomethrin, biopermethrin, bioresmethrin, chlovaporthrin, cis-cypermethrin, cis-resmethrin, cis-permethrin, clocythrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin (alpha-, beta-, theta-, zeta-), cyphenothrin, deltamethrin, eflusilanate, empenthrin (1R isomer), esfenvalerate, etofenprox, fenfluthrin, fenpropathrin, fenpyrithrin, fenvalerate, flubrocythrinate, flucythrinate, flufenprox, flumethrin, fluvalinate, fubfenprox, gamma-cyhalothrin, imiprothrin, kadethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, metofluthrin, permethrin (cis-, trans-), phenothrin (1R-trans-isomer), prallethrin, profluthrin, protrifenbute, pyresmethrin, pyrethrin, resmethrin, RU 15525, silafluofen, tau-fluvalinate, tefluthrin, terallethrin, tetramethrin (1R isomer), tralomethrin, transfluthrin, ZXI 8901, pyrethrins (pyrethrum) DDT oxadiazines, for example indoxacarb semicarbazones, for example metaflumizone (BAS3201) Acetylcholine Receptor Agonists/Antagonists chloronicotinyls, for example acetamiprid, AKD 1022, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, imidaclothiz, nitenpyram, nithiazine, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam nicotine, bensultap, cartap Acetylcholine Receptor Modulators spinosyns, for example spinosad, spinetoram GABA-Controlled Chloride Channel Antagonists organochlorines, for example camphechlor, chlordane, endosulphan, gamma-HCH, HCH, heptachlor, lindane, methoxychlor fiprols, for example acetoprole, ethiprole, fipronil, pyrafluprole, pyriprole, vaniliprole Chloride Channel Activators mectins, for example abarmectin, emamectin, emamectin-benzoate, ivermectin, lepimectin, milbemycin Juvenile hormone mimetics, for example diofenolan, epofenonane, fenoxycarb, hydroprene, kinoprene, methoprene, pyriproxifen, triprene Ecdysone Agonists/Disruptors diacylhydrazines, for example chromafenozide, halofenozide, methoxyfenozide, tebufenozide Chitin Biosynthesis Inhibitors benzoylureas, for example bistrifluron, chlofluazuron, diflubenzuron, fluazuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, noviflumuron, penfluron, teflubenzuron, triflumuron

-   -   buprofezin     -   cyromazine         Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitors, ATP Disruptors     -   diafenthiuron     -   organotin compounds, for example azocyclotin, cyhexatin,         fenbutatin-oxide         Oxidative Phosphorylation Decouplers Acting by Interrupting the         H-Proton Gradient         pyrroles, for example chlorfenapyr         dinitrophenols, for example binapacyrl, dinobuton, dinocap,         DNOC, meptyldinocap         Site-I Electron Transport Inhibitors         METIs, for example fenazaquin, fenpyroximate, pyrimidifen,         pyridaben, tebufenpyrad, tolfenpyrad         hydramethylnon         dicofol         Site-II Electron Transport Inhibitors         rotenone         Site-III Electron Transport Inhibitors         acequinocyl, fluacrypyrim         Microbial Disruptors of the Insect Gut Membrane         Bacillus thuringiensis strains         Lipid Synthesis Inhibitors         tetronic acids,         for example spirodiclofen, spiromesifen         tetramic acids,         for example spirotetramate,         cis-3-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-one         carboxamides,         for example flonicamid         octopaminergic agonists,         for example amitraz         Inhibitors of Magnesium-Stimulated ATPase,     -   propargite     -   nereistoxin analogues,     -   for example thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate, thiosultap-sodium         Ryanodin Receptor Agonists         benzoic acid dicarboxamides,         for example flubendiamide         anthranilamides,         for example Rynaxypyr         (3-bromo-N-{4-chloro-2-methyl-6-[(methylamino)carbonyl]phenyl}-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide),         Cyazapyr (ISO-proposed)         (3-bromo-N-{4-cyano-2-methyl-6-[(methylamino)carbonyl]phenyl}-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide)         (known from WO 2004067528)         Biologicals, Hormones or Pheromones         azadirachtin, Bacillus spec., Beauveria spec., codlemone,         Metarrhizium spec., Paecilomyces spec., thuringiensin,         Verticillium spec.         Active Compounds with Unknown or Unspecific Mechanisms of Action         4-{[(6-bromopyrid-3-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one         (known from WO 2007/115644),         4-{[(6-fluoropyrid-3-yl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one         (known from WO 2007/115644),         4-{[(2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one         (known from WO 2007/115644),         4-{[(6-chloropyrid-3-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one         (known from WO 2007/115644),         4-{[(6-chloropyrid-3-yl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one         (known from WO 2007/115644),         4-{[(6-chloro-5-fluoropyrid-3-yl)methyl](methyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one         (known from WO 2007/115643),         4-{[(5,6-dichloropyrid-3-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one         (known from WO 2007/115646),         4-{[(6-chloro-5-fluoropyrid-3-yl)methyl](cyclopropyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one         (known from WO 2007/115643),         4-{[(6-chloropyrid-3-yl)methyl](cyclopropyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one         (known from EP-A-0 539 588) and         4-{[(6-chloropyrid-3-yl)methyl](methyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one         (known from EP-A-0 539 588).         fumigants, for example aluminium phosphide, methyl bromide,         sulphuryl fluoride         antifeedants,         for example cryolite, pymetrozine, pyrifluquinazon         mite growth inhibitors,         for example clofentezine, etoxazole, hexythiazox         amidoflumet, benclothiaz, benzoximate, bifenazate,         bromopropylate, buprofezin, chinomethionat, chlordimeform,         chlorobenzilate, chloropicrin, clothiazoben, cycloprene,         cyflumetofen, dicyclanil, fenoxacrim, fentrifanil, flubenzimine,         flufenerim, flutenzin, gossyplure, hydramethylnone, japonilure,         metoxadiazone, petroleum, piperonyl butoxide, potassium oleate,         pyridalyl, sulfluramid, tetradifon, tetrasul, triarathene,         verbutin or cyflumetofen, cyanopyrafen.

A mixture with other known active compounds, such as herbicides, fertilizers, growth regulators, safeners, semiochemicals, or else with agents for improving the plant properties, is also possible.

The active compound content of the use forms prepared from the commercially available formulations can be from 0.00000001 to 95% by weight, preferably between 0.00001 and 1% by weight, of active compound.

TABLE 1 Plant: maize Structure affected or principle expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolepyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acid, (ACCase) cyclohexanedione hydroxyphenylpyruvate isooxazoles, such as isoxaflutol or dioxygenase (HPPD) isoxachlortol, triones, such as mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles, such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylates, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides, such as SU1 sulphonylurea dimboa biosynthesis (Bx1-Gen) Helminthosporium turcicum, Rhopalosiphum maydis, Diplodia maydis, Ostrinia nubilalis, Lepidoptera sp. CMIII (small basic peptide plant pathogens e.g. Fusarium, Alternaria, building block from maize Sclerotina grain) Com-SAFP (zeamatin) plant pathogens, e.g. Fusarium, Alternaria, Sclerotina, Rhizoctonia, Chaetomium, Phycomycen Hm1-gene Cochliobulus chitinases plant pathogens glucanases plant pathogens envelope proteins viruses, such as the Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxin, nematodes, e.g. Ostrinia nubilalis, Photorabdus and Heliothis zea, armyworms e.g. Xenorhabdus toxins Spodoptera frugiperda, Western corn rootworm, Sesamia sp., Aprotis ipsilon, Asian corn borer, weevils 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, nematodes, e.g. Ostrinia nubilalis, Heliothis zea, armyworms e.g. Spodoptera frugiperda, Western corn rootworm, Sesamia sp., Aprotis ipsilon, Asian corn borer, weevils peroxidase Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, nematodes, e.g. Ostrinia nubilalis, Heliothis zea, armyworms e.g. Spodoptera frugiperda, Western corn rootworm, Sesamia sp., Aprotis ipsilon, Asian corn borer, weevils aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, leucine aminopeptidase nematodes, e.g. Ostrinia nubilalis, inhibitors (LAPI) Heliothis zea, armyworms e.g. Spodoptera frugiperda, Western corn rootworm, Sesamia sp., Aprotis ipsilon, Asian corn borer, weevils limonene synthase Western corn rootworm lectin Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, nematodes, e.g. Ostrinia nubilalis, Heliothis zea, armyworms e.g. Spodoptera frugiperda, Western corn rootworm, Sesamia sp., Aprotis ipsilon, Asian corn borer, weevils protease inhibitors e.g. cystatin, weevils, Western corn rootworm patatin, virgiferin, CPTI ribosome-inactivating protein Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, nematodes, e.g. Ostrinia nubilalis, Heliothis zea, armyworms e.g. Spodoptera frugiperda, Western corn rootworm, Sesamia sp., Aprotis ipsilon, Asian corn borer, weevils 5C9-maize polypeptide Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, nematodes, e.g. Ostrinia nubilalis, Heliothis zea, armyworms e.g. Spodoptera frugiperda, Western corn rootworm, Sesamia sp., Aprotis ipsilon, Asian corn borer, weevils HMG-CoA reductase Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, nematodes, e.g. Ostrinia nubilalis, Heliothis zea, armyworms e.g. Spodoptera frugiperda, Western corn rootworm, Sesamia sp., Aprotis ipsilon, Asian corn borer, weevils Plant: Wheat Structure affected/protein expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolepyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acid, (ACCase) cyclohexanedione hydroxyphenylpyruvate isooxazoles, such as isoxaflutol dioxygenase (HPPD) or isoxachlortol, triones, such as mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles, such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides, such as SU1 sulphonylurea compounds antifungal polypeptide AlyAFP plant pathogens, e.g. Septoria and Fusarium glucose oxidase plant pathogens, e.g. Fusarium, Septoria pyrrolnitrin synthesis gene plant pathogens, e.g. Fusarium, Septoria serine/threonine kinases plant pathogens, e.g. Fusarium, Septoria and other diseases polypeptide having the effect of plant pathogens, e.g. Fusarium, Septoria triggering a hypersensitivity and other diseases reaction systemic aquired resistance viral, bacterial, fungal and nematodal (SAR) genes pathogens chitinases plant pathogens glucanases plant pathogens double-strand ribonuclease viruses such as, for example, BYDV and MSMV envelope proteins viruses such as, for example, BYDV and MSMV toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxins, nematodes Photorabdus and Xenorhabdus toxins 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, nematodes peroxidase Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, nematodes aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, leucine aminopeptidase nematodes inhibitor lectins Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, nematodes, aphids protease inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, cystatin, patatin, virgiferin, nematodes, aphids CPTI ribosome-inactivating protein Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, nematodes, aphids HMG-CoA reductase Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, nematodes, e.g. Ostrinia nubilalis, Heliothis zea, armyworms e.g. Spodoptera frugiperda, Western corn rootworm, Sesamia sp., Aprotis ipsilon, Asian corn borer, weevils Plant: Barley Structure affected/protein expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolepyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acids, (ACCase) cyclohexanediones hydroxyphenylpyruvate isooxazoles, such as isoxaflutol or dioxygenase (HPPD) isoxachlortol, triones, such as mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles, such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides, such as SU1 sulphonylurea compounds antifungal polypeptide AlyAFP plant pathogens, e.g. Septoria and Fusarium glucose oxidase plant pathogens, e.g. Fusarium, Septoria pyrrolnitrin synthesis gene plant pathogens, e.g. Fusarium, Septoria serine/threonine kinases plant pathogens, e.g. Fusarium, Septoria and other diseases polypeptide having the effect of plant pathogens, e.g. Fusarium, Septoria and triggering a hypersensitivity other diseases reaction systemic aquired resistance viral, bacterial, fungal and nematodal (SAR) genes pathogens chitinases plant pathogens glucanases plant pathogens double-strand ribonuclease viruses such as, for example, BYDV and MSMV envelope proteins viruses such as, for example, BYDV and MSMV toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxins, nematodes Photorabdus and Xenorhabdus toxins 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, nematodes peroxidase Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, nematodes aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, leucine aminopeptidase nematodes inhibitor lectins Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, nematodes, aphids protease inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, cystatin, patatin, virgiferin, nematodes, aphids CPTI ribosome-inactivating protein Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, nematodes, aphids HMG-CoA reductase Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, nematodes, aphids Plant: Rice Structure affected/principle expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolepyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acids, (ACCase) cyclohexanediones hydroxyphenylpyruvate isooxazoles, such as isoxaflutol or dioxygenase (HPPD) isoxachlortol, triones, such as mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles, such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides, such as SU1 sulphonylurea compounds antifungal polypeptide AlyAFP plant pathogens glucose oxidase plant pathogens pyrrolnitrin synthesis gene plant pathogens serine/threonine kinases plant pathogens phenylalanine ammonia lyase plant pathogens, e.g. bacterial (PAL) foliar mildew and inducible rice blast phytoalexins plant pathogens, e.g. bacterial foliar mildew and rice blast B-1,3-glucanase (antisense) plant pathogens, e.g. bacterial foliar mildew and rice blast receptor kinase plant pathogens, e.g. bacterial foliar mildew and rice blast polypeptide having the effect of plant pathogens triggering a hypersensitivity reaction systemic aquired resistance viral, bacterial, fungal and nematodal (SAR) genes pathogens chitinases plant pathogens, e.g. bacterial foliar mildew and rice blast glucanases plant pathogens double-strand ribonuclease viruses such as, for example, BYDV and MSMV envelope proteins viruses such as, for example, BYDV and MSMV toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Lepidoptera, e.g. stem borer, Coleoptera, VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxins, e.g. weevils such as Lissorhoptrus Photorabdus and oryzophilus, Diptera, rice planthoppers, e.g. Xenorhabdus toxins rice brown planthopper 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Lepidoptera, e.g. stem borer, Coleoptera, e.g. weevils such as Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Diptera, rice planthoppers, e.g. rice brown planthopper peroxidase Lepidoptera, e.g. stem borer, Coleoptera, e.g. weevils such as Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Diptera, rice planthoppers, e.g. rice brown planthopper aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, e.g. stem borer, Coleoptera, leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor e.g. weevils such as Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Diptera, rice planthoppers, e.g. rice brown planthopper lectins Lepidoptera, e.g. stem borer, Coleoptera, e.g. weevils such as Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Diptera, rice planthoppers, e.g. rice brown planthopper protease inhibitors Lepidoptera, e.g. stem borer, Coleoptera, e.g. weevils such as Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Diptera, rice planthoppers e.g. rice brown planthopper ribosome-inactivating protein Lepidoptera, e.g. stem borer, Coleoptera, e.g. weevils such as Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Diptera, rice planthoppers, e.g. rice brown planthopper HMG-CoA reductase Lepidoptera, e.g. stem borer, Coleoptera, e.g. weevils such as Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Diptera, rice planthoppers e.g. rice brown planthopper Plant: Soya bean Structure affected/principle expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolepyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acids, (ACCase) cyclohexanediones hydroxyphenylpyruvate isooxazoles, such as isoxaflutol or dioxygenase (HPPD) isoxachlortol, triones, such as mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles, such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides, such as SU1 or selection sulphonylurea compounds antifungal polypeptide AlyAFP bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Fusarium, Sclerotinia, stem rot oxalate oxidase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Fusarium, Sclerotinia, stem rot glucose oxidase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Fusarium, Sclerotinia, stem rot pyrrolnitrin synthesis gene bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Fusarium, Sclerotinia, stem rot serine/threonine kinases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Fusarium, Sclerotinia, stem rot phenylalanine ammonia lyase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for (PAL) example, Fusarium, Sclerotinia, stem rot phytoalexins plant pathogens, e.g. bacterial foliar mildew and rice blast B-1,3-glucanase (antisense) plant pathogens, e.g. bacterial foliar mildew and rice blast receptor kinase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Fusarium, Sclerotinia, stem rot polypeptide having the effect of plant pathogens triggering a hypersensitivity reaction systemic aquired resistance viral, bacterial, fungal and nematodal (SAR) genes pathogens chitinases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Fusarium, Sclerotinia, stem rot glucanases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Fusarium, Sclerotinia, stem rot double-strand ribonuclease viruses such as, for example, BPMV and SbMV envelope proteins viruses such as, for example, BYDV and MSMV toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, aphids VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxins, Photorabdus and Xenorhabdus toxins 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, aphids peroxidase Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, aphids aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, aphids leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor lectins Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, aphids protease inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, aphids virgiferin ribosome-inactivating protein Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, aphids HMG-CoA reductase Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, aphids barnase nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes hatching factor for cyst cyst nematodes nematodes principles for preventing food nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and uptake cyst nematodes Plant: Potato Structure affected/protein expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolepyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acids, (ACCase) cyclohexanediones hydroxyphenylpyruvate isooxazoles, such as isoxaflutol or dioxygenase (HPPD) isoxachlortol, triones, such as mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles, such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides, such as SU1 or selection sulphonylurea compounds polyphenol oxidase or black spot polyphenol oxidase (antisense) metallothionein bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Phytophtora, ribonuclease Phytophtora, Verticillium, Rhizoctonia antifungal polypeptide AlyAFP bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Phytophtora oxalate oxidase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Phytophtora, Verticillium, Rhizoctonia glucose oxidase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Phytophtora, Verticillium, Rhizoctonia pyrrolnitrin synthesis gene bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Phytophtora, Verticillium, Rhizoctonia serine/threonine kinases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Phytophtora, Verticillium, Rhizoctonia cecropin B bacteria such as, for example, Corynebacterium sepedonicum, Erwinia carotovora phenylalanine ammonia lyase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for (PAL) example, Phytophtora, Verticillium, Rhizoctonia phytoalexins bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Phytophtora, Verticillium, Rhizoctonia B-1,3-glucanase (antisense) bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Phytophtora, Verticillium, Rhizoctonia receptor kinase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Phytophtora, Verticillium, Rhizoctonia polypeptide having the effect of bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for triggering a hypersensitivity example, Phytophtora, Verticillium, reaction Rhizoctonia systemic aquired resistance viral, bacterial, fungal and nematodal (SAR) genes pathogens chitinases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Phytophtora, Verticillium, Rhizoctonia barnase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Phytophtora, Verticillium, Rhizoctonia gene 49 for controlling bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for disease resistance example, Phytophtora, Verticillium, Rhizoctonia trans-aldolase (antisense) black spot glucanases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Phytophtora, Verticillium, Rhizoctonia double-strand ribonuclease viruses such as, for example, PLRV, PVY and TRV envelope proteins viruses such as, for example, PLRV, PVY and TRV 17 kDa or 60 kDa protein viruses such as, for example, PLRV, PVY and TRV nuclear inclusion proteins, e.g. viruses such as, for example, PLRV, PVY a or b and TRV pseudoubiquitin viruses such as, for example, PLRV, PVY and TRV replicase viruses such as, for example, PLRV, PVY and TRV toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Coleoptera, e.g. Colorado beetle, aphids VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxins, Photorabdus and Xenorhabdus toxins 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Coleoptera, e.g. Colorado beetle, aphids peroxidase Coleoptera, e.g. Colorado beetle, aphids aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Coleoptera, e.g. Colorado beetle, aphids leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor stilbene synthase Coleoptera, e.g. Colorado beetle, aphids lectins Coleoptera, e.g. Colorado beetle, aphids protease inhibitors, e.g. Coleoptera, e.g. Colorado beetle, aphids cystatin, patatin ribosomene-inactivating Coleoptera, e.g. Colorado beetle, aphids protein HMG-CoA reductase Coleoptera, e.g. Colorado beetle, aphids hatching factor for cyst cyst nematodes nematodes barnase nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes principles for preventing food nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and uptake cyst nematodes Plant: Tomato Structure affected/principle expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolepyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acid, (ACCase) cyclohexanedione hydroxyphenylpyruvate isooxazoles, such as isoxaflutol or dioxygenase (HPPD) isoxachlortol, triones, such as mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles, such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides, such as SU1 or selection sulphonylurea compounds polyphenol oxidase or black spot polyphenol oxidase (antisense) metallothionein bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, Phytophtora ribonuclease Phytophtora, Verticillium, Rhizoctonia antifungal polypeptide AlyAFP bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, bacterial blotch, Fusarium, soft rot, powdery mildew, foliar blight, leaf mould etc. oxalate oxidase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, bacterial blotch, Fusarium, soft rot, powdery mildew, foliar blight, leaf mould etc. glucose oxidase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, bacterial blotch, Fusarium, soft rot, powdery mildew, foliar blight, leaf mould etc. pyrrolnitrin synthesis gene bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, bacterial blotch, Fusarium, soft rot, powdery mildew, foliar blight, leaf mould etc. serine/threonine kinases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, bacterial blotch, Fusarium, soft rot, powdery mildew, foliar blight, leaf mould etc. cecropin B bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, bacterial blotch, Fusarium, soft rot, powdery mildew, foliar blight, leaf mould etc. phenylalanine ammonia lyase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for (PAL) example, bacterial blotch, Fusarium, soft rot, powdery mildew, foliar blight, leaf mould etc. Cf genes, e.g. Cf9 Cf5 Cf4 Cf2 leaf mould osmotin early blight alpha hordothionin bakteria systemin bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, bacterial blotch, Fusarium, soft rot, powdery mildew, foliar blight, leaf mould etc. polygalacturonase inhibitors bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, bacterial blotch, Fusarium, soft rot, powdery mildew, foliar blight, leaf mould etc. Prf control gene bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, bacterial blotch, Fusarium, soft rot, powdery mildew, foliar blight, leaf mould etc. 12 fusarium resistance site Fusarium phytoalexins bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, bacterial blotch, Fusarium, soft rot, powdery mildew, foliar blight, leaf mould etc. B-1,3-glucanase (antisense) bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, bacterial blotch, Fusarium, soft rot, powdery mildew, foliar blight, leaf mould etc. receptor kinase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, bacterial blotch, Fusarium, soft rot, powdery mildew, foliar blight, leaf mould etc. polypeptide having the effect of bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for triggering a hypersensitivity example, bacterial blotch, Fusarium, reaction soft rot, powdery mildew, foliar blight, leaf mould etc. systemic aquired resistance viral, bacterial, fungal and nematodal (SAR) genes pathogens chitinases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, bacterial blotch, Fusarium, soft rot, powdery mildew, foliar blight, leaf mould etc. barnase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, bacterial blotch, Fusarium, soft rot, powdery mildew, foliar blight, leaf mould etc. glucanases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as, for example, bacterial blotch, Fusarium, soft rot, powdery mildew, foliar blight, leaf mould etc. double-strand ribonuclease viruses such as, for example, PLRV, PVY and ToMoV envelope proteins viruses such as, for example, PLRV, PVY and ToMoV 17 kDa or 60 kDa protein viruses such as, for example, PLRV, PVY and ToMoV nuclear inclusion proteins e.g. a viruses such as, for example, PLRV, PVY or b or and ToMoV nucleoprotein TRV pseudoubiquitin viruses such as, for example, PLRV, PVY and ToMoV replicase viruses such as, for example, PLRV, PVY and ToMoV toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Lepidoptera e.g. Heliothis, whitefly VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxins, aphids Photorabdus and Xenorhabdus toxins 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Lepidoptera e.g. Heliothis, whitefly, aphids peroxidase Lepidoptera e.g. Heliothis, whitefly, aphids aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera e.g. Heliothis, whitefly, leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor aphids lectins Lepidoptera e.g. Heliothis, whitefly, aphids protease inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera e.g. Heliothis, whitefly, cystatin, patatin aphids ribosome-inactivating protein Lepidoptera e.g. Heliothis, whitefly, aphids stilbene synthase Lepidoptera e.g. Heliothis, whitefly, aphids HMG-CoA reductase Lepidoptera e.g. Heliothis, whitefly, aphids hatching factor for cyst cyst nematodes nematodes barnase nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes principles for preventing food nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and uptake cyst nematodes Plant: Bell Pepper Structure affected/protein expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acids, (ACCase) cyclohexanediones hydroxyphenylpyruvate isoxazoles such as, for example, isoxaflutole dioxygenase (HPPD) or isoxachlortole, triones such as, for example, mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides such as, for SU1 or selection example, sulphonylurea compounds polyphenol oxidase or bacterial and fungal pathogens polyphenol oxidase (antisense) metallothionein bacterial and fungal pathogens ribonuclease bacterial and fungal pathogens antifungal polypeptid AlyAFP bacterial and fungal pathogens oxalate oxidase bacterial and fungal pathogens glucose oxidase bacterial and fungal pathogens pyrrolnitrin synthesis genes bacterial and fungal pathogens serine/threonine kinases bacterial and fungal pathogens cecropin B bacterial and fungal pathogens, rot, leaf mould, etc. phenylalanine ammonia lyase bacterial and fungal pathogens (PAL) Cf genes, e.g. Cf9 Ct5 Cf4 Cf2 bacterial and fungal pathogens osmotin bacterial and fungal pathogens alpha hordothionine bacterial and fungal pathogens systemin bacterial and fungal pathogens polygalacturonase inhibitors bacterial and fungal pathogens Prf control gene bacterial and fungal pathogens 12 Fusarium resistance site Fusarium phytoalexins bacterial and fungal pathogens B-1,3-glucanase (antisense) bacterial and fungal pathogens receptor kinase bacterial and fungal pathogens polypeptide having the effect of bacterial and fungal pathogens triggering a hypersensitivity reaction systemic aquired resistance viral, bacterial, fungal and nematodal (SAR) genes pathogens chitinases bacterial and fungal pathogens barnase bacterial and fungal pathogens glucanases bacterial and fungal pathogens double-strand ribonuclease viruses such as, for example, CMV, TEV envelope proteins viruses such as, for example, CMV, TEV 17 kDa or 60 kDa protein viruses such as, for example, CMV, TEV nuclear inclusion proteins e.g. a viruses such as, for example, CMV, TEV or b or nucleoprotein pseudoubiquitin viruses such as, for example, CMV, TEV replicase viruses such as, for example, CMV, TEV toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Lepidoptera, whitefly, aphids VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxins, Photorabdus and Xenorhabdus toxins 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Lepidoptera, whitefly, aphids peroxidase Lepidoptera, whitefly, aphids aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, whitefly, aphids leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor lectins Lepidoptera, whitefly, aphids protease inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, whitefly, aphids cystatin, patatin ribosome-inactivating protein Lepidoptera, whitefly, aphids stilbene synthase Lepidoptera, whitefly, aphids HMG-CoA reductase Lepidoptera, whitefly, aphids hatching factor for cyst cyst nematodes nematodes barnase nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes principles for preventing food nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and uptake cyst nematodes Plant: Grapevines Structure affected/principle expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acids, (ACCase) cyclohexanediones hydroxyphenylpyruvate isoxazoles such as, for example, isoxaflutole dioxygenase (HPPD) or isoxachlortole, triones such as, for example, mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides such as, for SU1 or selection example, sulphonylurea compounds polyphenol oxidase or bacterial and fungal pathogens such as polyphenol oxidase (antisense) Botrytis and powdery mildew metallothionein bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew ribonuclease bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew antifungal polypeptide AlyAFP bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew oxalate oxidase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew glucose oxidase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew pyrrolnitrin synthesis genes bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew serine/threonine kinases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew cecropin B bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew phenylalanine ammonia lyase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as (PAL) Botrytis and powdery mildew Cf genes, e.g. Cf9 Cf5 Cf4 Cf2 bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew osmotin bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew alpha hordothionine bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew systemin bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew polygalacturonase inhibitors bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew Prf control gene bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew phytoalexins bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew B-1,3-glucanase (antisense) bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew receptor kinase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew polypeptide having the effect of bacterial and fungal pathogens such as triggering a hypersensitivity Botrytis and powdery mildew reaction systemic aquired resistance viral, bacterial, fungal and nematodal (SAR) genes pathogens chitinases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew barnase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew glucanases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and powdery mildew double-strand ribonuclease viruses envelope proteins viruses 17 kDa or 60 kDa protein viruses nuclear inclusion proteins e.g. a viruses or b or nucleoprotein pseudoubiquitin viruses replicase viruses toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Lepidoptera, aphids VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxins, Photorabdus and Xenorhabdus toxins 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Lepidoptera, aphids peroxidase Lepidoptera, aphids aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor lectins Lepidoptera, aphids protease inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids cystatin, patatin ribosome-inactivating protein Lepidoptera, aphids stilbene synthase Lepidoptera, aphids, diseases HMG-CoA reductase Lepidoptera, aphids hatching factor for cyst cyst nematodes nematodes barnase nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes or general diseases CBI root-knot nematodes principles for preventing food nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes uptake or root-cyst nematodes Plant: Oilseed rape Structure affected/protein expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acids, (ACCase) cyclohexanediones hydroxyphenylpyruvate isoxazoles such as, for example, isoxaflutole dioxygenase (HPPD) or isoxachlortole, triones such as, for example, mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides such as, for SU1 or selection example, sulphonylurea compounds polyphenol oxidase or bacterial and fungal pathogens such as polyphenol oxidase (antisense) Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia metallothionein bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia ribonuclease bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia antifungal polypeptid AlyAFP bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia oxalate oxidase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia glucose oxidase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia pyrrolnitrin synthesis genes bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia serine/threonine kinases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia cecropin B bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia phenylalanine ammonia lyase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as (PAL) Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia Cf genes, e.g. Cf9 Cf5 Cf4 Cf2 bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia osmotin bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia alpha hordothionine bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia systemin bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia polygalacturonase inhibitors bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia Prf control gene bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia phytoalexins bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia B-1,3-glucanase (antisense) bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia receptor kinase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia polypeptide having the effect of bacterial and fungal pathogens such as triggering a hypersensitivity Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia reaction systemic aquired resistance viral, bacterial, fungal and nematodal (SAR) genes pathogens chitinases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia barnase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia nematodes glucanases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cylindrosporium, Phoma, Sclerotinia double-strand ribonuclease viruses envelope proteins viruses 17 kDa or 60 kDa protein viruses nuclear inclusion proteins e.g. a viruses or b or nucleoprotein pseudoubiquitin viruses replicase viruses toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Lepidoptera, aphids VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxins, Photorabdus and Xenorhabdus toxins 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Lepidoptera, aphids peroxidase Lepidoptera, aphids aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor lectins Lepidoptera, aphids protease inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids cystatin, patatin, CPTI ribosome-inactivating protein Lepidoptera, aphids stilbene synthase Lepidoptera, aphids, diseases HMG-CoA reductase Lepidoptera, aphids hatching factor for cyst cyst nematodes nematodes barnase nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes CBI root-knot nematodes principles for preventing food nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and uptake induced at nematode feeding root-cyst nematodes sites Plant: Brassica vegetables (cabbage, Brussels sprouts etc.) Structure affected/protein expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acids, (ACCase) cyclohexanediones hydroxyphenylpyruvate isoxazoles such as, for example, dioxygenase (HPPD) isoxaflutole or isoxachlortole, triones such as, for example, mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides such as, for SU1 or selection example, sulphonylurea compounds polyphenol oxidase or bacterial and fungal pathogens polyphenol oxidase (antisense) metallothionein bacterial and fungal pathogens ribonuclease bacterial and fungal pathogens antifungal polypeptid AlyAFP bacterial and fungal pathogens oxalate oxidase bacterial and fungal pathogens glucose oxidase bacterial and fungal pathogens pyrrolnitrin synthesis genes bacterial and fungal pathogens serine/threonine kinases bacterial and fungal pathogens cecropin B bacterial and fungal pathogens phenylalanine ammonia lyase bacterial and fungal pathogens (PAL) Cf genes, e.g. Cf9 Cf5 Cf4 Cf2 bacterial and fungal pathogens osmotin bacterial and fungal pathogens alpha hordothionine bacterial and fungal pathogens systemin bacterial and fungal pathogens polygalacturonase inhibitors bacterial and fungal pathogens Prf control gene bacterial and fungal pathogens phytoalexins bacterial and fungal pathogens B-1,3-glucanase (antisense) bacterial and fungal pathogens receptor kinase bacterial and fungal pathogens polypeptide having the effect of bacterial and fungal pathogens triggering a hypersensitivity reaction systemic aquired resistance viral, bacterial, fungal and nematodal (SAR) genes pathogens chitinases bacterial and fungal pathogens barnase bacterial and fungal pathogens glucanases bacterial and fungal pathogens double-strand ribonuclease viruses envelope proteins viruses 17 kDa or 60 kDa protein viruses nuclear inclusion proteins e.g. a viruses or b or nucleoprotein pseudoubiquitin viruses replicase viruses toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Lepidoptera, aphids VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxins, Photorabdus and Xenorhabdus toxins 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Lepidoptera, aphids peroxidase Lepidoptera, aphids aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor lectins Lepidoptera, aphids protease inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids cystatin, patatin, CPTI ribosome-inactivating protein Lepidoptera, aphids stilbene synthase Lepidoptera, aphids, diseases HMG-CoA reductase Lepidoptera, aphids hatching factor for cyst cyst nematodes nematodes barnase nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes CBI root-knot nematodes principles for preventing food nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and uptake induced at nematode feeding root-cyst nematodes sites cyst nematodes Plants: Pomaceous fruit, e.g. apples, pears Structure affected/protein expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acids, (ACCase) cyclohexanediones hydroxyphenylpyruvate isoxazoles such as, for example, dioxygenase (HPPD) isoxaflutole or isoxachlortole, triones such as, for example, mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides such as, for SU1 or selection example, sulphonylurea compounds polyphenol oxidase or bacterial and fungal pathogens such as polyphenol oxidase (antisense) storage scab on apples or fire-blight metallothionein bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight ribonuclease bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight antifungal polypeptid AlyAFP bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight oxalate oxidase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight glucose oxidase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight pyrrolnitrin synthesis genes bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight serine/threonine kinases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight cecropin B bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight phenylalanine ammonia lyase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as (PAL) storage scab on apples or fire-blight Cf genes, e.g. Cf9 Cf5 Cf4 Cf2 bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight osmotin bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight alpha hordothionine bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight systemin bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight polygalacturonase inhibitors bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight Prf control gene bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight phytoalexins bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight B-1,3-glucanase (antisense) bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight receptor kinase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight polypeptide having the effect of bacterial and fungal pathogens such as triggering a hypersensitivity storage scab on apples or fire-blight reaction systemic aquired resistance viral, bacterial, fungal and nematodal (SAR) genes pathogens lytic protein bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight lysozyme bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight chitinases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight barnase bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight glucanases bacterial and fungal pathogens such as storage scab on apples or fire-blight double-strand ribonuclease viruses envelope proteins viruses 17 kDa or 60 kDa protein viruses nuclear inclusion proteins e.g. a viruses or b or nucleoprotein pseudoubiquitin viruses replicase viruses toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Lepidoptera, aphids, mites VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxins, Photorabdus and Xenorhabdus toxins 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites peroxidase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids, mites leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor lectins Lepidoptera, aphids, mites protease inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids, mites cystatin, patatin, CPTI ribosome-inactivating protein Lepidoptera, aphids, mites stilbene synthase Lepidoptera, aphids, diseases, mites HMG-CoA reductase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites hatching factor for cyst cyst nematodes nematodes barnase nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes CBI root-knot nematodes principles for preventing food nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and uptake induced at nematode feeding root-cyst nematodes sites Plant: Melon Structure affected/protein expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acids, (ACCase) cyclohexanediones hydroxyphenylpyruvate isoxazoles such as, for example, dioxygenase (HPPD) isoxaflutole or isoxachlortole, triones such as, for example, mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides such as, for SU1 or selection example, sulphonylurea compounds polyphenol oxidase or bacterial or fungal pathogens such as polyphenol oxidase (antisense) Phytophtora metallothionein bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora ribonuclease bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora antifungal polypeptid AlyAFP bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora oxalate oxidase bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora glucose oxidase bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora pyrrolnitrin synthesis genes bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora serine/threonine kinases bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora cecropin B bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora phenylalanine ammonia lyase bacterial or fungal pathogens such as (PAL) Phytophtora Cf genes, e.g. Cf9 Cf5 Cf4 Cf2 bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora osmotin bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora alpha hordothionine bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora systemin bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora polygalacturonase inhibitors bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora Prf control gene bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora phytoalexins bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora B-1,3-glucanase (antisense) bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora receptor kinase bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora polypeptide having the effect of bacterial or fungal pathogens such as triggering a hypersensitivity Phytophtora reaction systemic aquired resistance viral, bacterial, fungal and nematodal (SAR) genes pathogens lytic protein bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora lysozyme bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora chitinases bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora barnase bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora glucanases bacterial or fungal pathogens such as Phytophtora double-strand ribonuclease viruses such as CMV, PRSV, WMV2, SMV, ZYMV envelope proteins viruses such as CMV, PRSV, WMV2, SMV, ZYMV 17 kDa or 60 kDa protein viruses such as CMV, PRSV, WMV2, SMV, ZYMV nuclear inclusion proteins e.g. a viruses such as CMV, PRSV, WMV2, or b or nucleoprotein SMV, ZYMV pseudoubiquitin viruses such as CMV, PRSV, WMV2, SMV, ZYMV replicase viruses such as CMV, PRSV, WMV2, SMV, ZYMV toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Lepidoptera, aphids, mites VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxins, Photorabdus and Xenorhabdus toxins 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, whitefly peroxidase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, whitefly aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, whitefly leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor lectins Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, whitefly protease inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, whitefly cystatin, patatin, CPTI, virgiferin ribosome-inactivating protein Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, whitefly stilbene synthase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, whitefly HMG-CoA reductase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, whitefly hatching factor for cyst cyst nematodes nematodes barnase nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes CBI root-knot nematodes principles for preventing food nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and uptake induced at nematode feeding root-cyst nematodes sites Plant: Banana Structure affected/protein expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acids, (ACCase) cyclohexanediones hydroxyphenylpyruvate isoxazoles such as, for example, dioxygenase (HPPD) isoxaflutole or isoxachlortole, triones such as, for example, mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides such as, for SU1 or selection example, sulphonylurea compounds polyphenol oxidase or bacterial or fungal pathogens polyphenol oxidase (antisense) metallothionein bacterial or fungal pathogens ribonuclease bacterial or fungal pathogens antifungal polypeptid AlyAFP bacterial or fungal pathogens oxalate oxidase bacterial or fungal pathogens glucose oxidase bacterial or fungal pathogens pyrrolnitrin synthesis genes bacterial or fungal pathogens serine/threonine kinases bacterial or fungal pathogens cecropin B bacterial or fungal pathogens phenylalanine ammonia lyase bacterial or fungal pathogens (PAL) Cf genes, e.g. Cf9 Cf5 Cf4 Cf2 bacterial or fungal pathogens osmotin bacterial or fungal pathogens alpha hordothionine bacterial or fungal pathogens systemin bacterial or fungal pathogens polygalacturonase inhibitors bacterial or fungal pathogens Prf control gene bacterial or fungal pathogens phytoalexins bacterial or fungal pathogens B-1,3-glucanase (antisense) bacterial or fungal pathogens receptor kinase bacterial or fungal pathogens polypeptide having the effect of bacterial or fungal pathogens triggering a hypersensitivity reaction systemic aquired resistance viral, bacterial, fungal and nematodal (SAR) genes pathogens lytic protein bacterial or fungal pathogens lysozyme bacterial or fungal pathogens chitinases bacterial or fungal pathogens barnase bacterial or fungal pathogens glucanases bacterial or fungal pathogens double-strand ribonuclease viruses such as the Banana Bunchy Top Virus (BBTV) envelope proteins viruses such as the Banana Bunchy Top Virus (BBTV) 17 kDa or 60 kDa protein viruses such as the Banana Bunchy Top Virus (BBTV) nuclear inclusion proteins e.g. a viruses such as the Banana Bunchy Top or b or nucleoprotein Virus (BBTV) pseudoubiquitin viruses such as the Banana Bunchy Top Virus (BBTV) replicase viruses such as the Banana Bunchy Top Virus (BBTV) toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxins, Photorabdus and Xenorhabdus toxins 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes peroxidase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor lectins Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes protease inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes cystatin, patatin, CPTI, virgiferin ribosome-inactivating protein Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes stilbene synthase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes HMG-CoA reductase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes hatching factor for cyst cyst nematodes nematodes barnase nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes CBI root-knot nematodes principles for preventing food nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and uptake induced at nematode feeding root-cyst nematodes sites Plant: Cotton Structure affected/protein expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acids, (ACCase) cyclohexanediones hydroxyphenylpyruvate isoxazoles such as, for example, dioxygenase (HPPD) isoxaflutole or isoxachlortole, triones such as, for example, mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthese adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides such as, for SU1 or selection example, sulphonylurea compounds polyphenol oxidase or bacterial or fungal pathogens polyphenol oxidase (antisense) metallothionein bacterial or fungal pathogens ribonuclease bacterial or fungal pathogens antifungal polypeptid AlyAFP bacterial or fungal pathogens oxalate oxidase bacterial or fungal pathogens glucose oxidase bacterial or fungal pathogens pyrrolnitrin synthesis genes bacterial or fungal pathogens serine/threonine kinases bacterial or fungal pathogens cecropin B bacterial or fungal pathogens phenylalanine ammonia lyase bacterial or fungal pathogens (PAL) Cf genes, e.g. Cf9 Cf5 Cf4 Cf2 bacterial or fungal pathogens osmotin bacterial or fungal pathogens alpha hordothionine bacterial or fungal pathogens systemin bacterial or fungal pathogens polygalacturonase inhibitors bacterial or fungal pathogens Prf control gene bacterial or fungal pathogens phytoalexins bacterial or fungal pathogens B-1,3-glucanase (antisense) bacterial or fungal pathogens receptor kinase bacterial or fungal pathogens polypeptide having the effect of bacterial or fungal pathogens triggering a hypersensitivity reaction systemic aquired resistance viral, bacterial, fungal and nematodal (SAR) genes pathogens lytic protein bacterial or fungal pathogens lysozyme bacterial or fungal pathogens chitinases bacterial or fungal pathogens barnase bacterial or fungal pathogens glucanases bacterial or fungal pathogens double-strand ribonuclease viruses such as the wound tumour virus (WTV) envelope proteins viruses such as the wound tumour virus (WTV) 17 kDa or 60 kDa protein viruses such as the wound tumour virus (WTV) nuclear inclusion proteins e.g. a viruses such as the wound tumour virus or b or nucleoprotein (WTV) pseudoubiquitin viruses such as the wound tumour virus (WTV) replicase viruses such as the wound tumour virus (WTV) toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxins, whitefly Photorabdus and Xenorhabdus toxins 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly peroxidase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, leucine aminopeptidase whitefly inhibitor lectins Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly protease inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, cystatin, patatin, CPTI, whitefly virgiferin ribosome-inactivating protein Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly stilbene synthase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly HMG-CoA reductase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly hatching factor for cyst cyst nematodes nematodes barnase nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes CBI root-knot nematodes principles for preventing food nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and uptake induced at nematode feeding root-cyst nematodes sites Plant: Sugar cane Feature affected/protein expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acids, (ACCase) cyclohexanediones hydroxyphenylpyruvate isoxazoles such as, for example, dioxygenase (HPPD) isoxaflutole or isoxachlortole, triones such as, for example, mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides such as, for SU1 or selection example, sulphonylurea compounds polyphenol oxidase or bacterial or fungal pathogens polyphenol oxidase (antisense) metallothionein bacterial or fungal pathogens ribonuclease bacterial or fungal pathogens antifungal polypeptid AlyAFP bacterial or fungal pathogens oxalate oxidase bacterial or fungal pathogens glucose oxidase bacterial or fungal pathogens pyrrolnitrin synthesis genes bacterial or fungal pathogens serine/threonine kinases bacterial or fungal pathogens cecropin B bacterial or fungal pathogens phenylalanine ammonia lyase bacterial or fungal pathogens (PAL) Cf genes, e.g. Cf9 Cf5 Cf4 Cf2 bacterial or fungal pathogens osmotin bacterial or fungal pathogens alpha hordothionine bacterial or fungal pathogens systemin bacterial or fungal pathogens polygalacturonase inhibitors bacterial or fungal pathogens Prf control gene bacterial or fungal pathogens phytoalexins bacterial or fungal pathogens B-1,3-glucanase (antisense) bacterial or fungal pathogens receptor kinase bacterial or fungal pathogens polypeptide having the effect of bacterial or fungal pathogens triggering a hypersensitivity reaction systemic aquired resistance viral, bacterial, fungal and nematodal (SAR) genes pathogens lytic protein bacterial or fungal pathogens lysozyme bacterial or fungal pathogens, e.g. Clavibacter chitinases bacterial or fungal pathogens barnase bacterial or fungal pathogens glucanases bacterial or fungal pathogens double-strand ribonuclease viruses such as SCMV, SrMV envelope proteins viruses such as SCMV, SrMV 17 kDa or 60 kDa protein viruses such as SCMV, SrMV nuclear inclusion proteins e.g. a viruses such as SCMV, SrMV or b or nucleoprotein pseudoubiquitin viruses such as SCMV, SrMV replicase viruses such as SCMV, SrMV toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxins, whitefly, beetles such as e.g. the Mexican Photorabdus and rice borer Xenorhabdus toxins 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles such as e.g. the Mexican rice borer peroxidase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles such as e.g. the Mexican rice borer aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, leucine aminopeptidase whitefly, beetles such as e.g. the Mexican inhibitor rice borer lectins Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles such as e.g. the Mexican rice borer protease inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, cystatin, patatin, CPTI, whitefly, beetles such as e.g. the Mexican virgiferin rice borer ribosome-inactivating protein Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles such as e.g. the Mexican rice borer stilbene synthase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles such as e.g. the Mexican rice borer HMG-CoA reductase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles such as e.g. the Mexican rice borer hatching factor for cyst cyst nematodes nematodes barnase nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes CBI root-knot nematodes principles for preventing food nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and uptake induced at nematode feeding root-cyst nematodes sites Plant: Sunflower Structure affected/protein expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acids, (ACCase) cyclohexanediones hydroxyphenylpyruvate isoxazoles such as, for example, dioxygenase (HPPD) isoxaflutole or isoxachlortole, triones such as, for example, mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides such as, for SU1 or selection example, sulphonylurea compounds polyphenol oxidase or bacterial or fungal pathogens polyphenol oxidase (antisense) metallothionein bacterial or fungal pathogens ribonuclease bacterial or fungal pathogens antifungal polypeptid AlyAFP bacterial or fungal pathogens oxalate oxidase bacterial or fungal pathogens, e.g. Sclerotinia glucose oxidase bacterial or fungal pathogens pyrrolnitrin synthesis genes bacterial or fungal pathogens serine/threonine kinases bacterial or fungal pathogens cecropin B bacterial or fungal pathogens phenylalanine ammonia lyase bacterial or fungal pathogens (PAL) Cf genes, e.g. Cf9 Cf5 Cf4 Cf2 bacterial or fungal pathogens osmotin bacterial or fungal pathogens alpha hordothionine bacterial or fungal pathogens systemin bacterial or fungal pathogens polygalacturonase inhibitors bacterial or fungal pathogens Prf control gene bacterial or fungal pathogens phytoalexins bacterial or fungal pathogens B-1,3-glucanase (antisense) bacterial or fungal pathogens receptor kinase bacterial or fungal pathogens polypeptide having the effect of bacterial or fungal pathogens triggering a hypersensitivity reaction systemic aquired resistance viral, bacterial, fungal and nematodal (SAR) genes pathogens lytic protein bacterial or fungal pathogens lysozyme bacterial or fungal pathogens chitinases bacterial or fungal pathogens barnase bacterial or fungal pathogens glucanases bacterial or fungal pathogens double-strand ribonuclease viruses such as CMV, TMV envelope proteins viruses such as CMV, TMV 17 kDa or 60 kDa protein viruses such as CMV, TMV nuclear inclusion proteins e.g. a viruses such as CMV, TMV or b or nucleoprotein pseudoubiquitin viruses such as CMV, TMV replicase viruses such as CMV, TMV toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxins, whitefly, beetles Photorabdus and Xenorhabdus toxins 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles peroxidase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, leucine aminopeptidase whitefly, beetles inhibitor lectins Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles protease inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, cystatin, patatin, CPTI, whitefly, beetles virgiferin ribosome-inactivating protein Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles stilbene synthase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles HMG-CoA reductase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles hatching factor for cyst cyst nematodes nematodes barnase nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes CBI root-knot nematodes principles for preventing food nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and uptake induced at nematode feeding root-cyst nematodes sites Plants: Sugar beet, turnips Structure affected/protein expressed Feature of the plant/tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidyloxybenzoates, phthalides acetyl-CoA carboxylase aryloxyphenoxyalkanecarboxylic acids, (ACCase) cyclohexanediones hydroxyphenylpyruvate isoxazoles such as, for example, dioxygenase (HPPD) isoxaflutole or isoxachlortole, triones such as, for example, mesotrione or sulcotrione phosphinothricin phosphinothricin acetyltransferase O-methyl transferase modified lignin content glutamine synthetase glufosinate, bialaphos adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) inhibitors of IMP and AMP synthesis adenylosuccinate synthase inhibitors of adenylosuccinate synthesis anthranilate synthase inhibitors of tryptophan synthesis and degradation nitrilase 3,5-dihalo-4-hydroxybenzonitriles such as bromoxynil and loxinyl 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phospho- glyphosate or sulphosate shikimate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate oxidoreductase glyphosate or sulphosate protoporphyrinogen oxidase diphenyl ethers, cyclic imides, (PROTOX) phenylpyrazoles, pyridine derivatives, phenopylate, oxadiazoles etc. cytochrome P450 e.g. P450 xenobiotics and herbicides such as, for SU1 or selection example, sulphonylurea compounds polyphenol oxidase or bacterial or fungal pathogens polyphenol oxidase (antisense) metallothionein bacterial or fungal pathogens ribonuclease bacterial or fungal pathogens antifungal polypeptid AlyAFP bacterial or fungal pathogens oxalate oxidase bacterial or fungal pathogens, e.g. Sclerotinia glucose oxidase bacterial or fungal pathogens pyrrolnitrin synthesis genes bacterial or fungal pathogens serine/threonine kinases bacterial or fungal pathogens cecropin B bacterial or fungal pathogens phenylalanine ammonia lyase bacterial or fungal pathogens (PAL) Cf genes, e.g. Cf9 Cf5 Cf4 Cf2 bacterial or fungal pathogens osmotin bacterial or fungal pathogens alpha hordothionine bacterial or fungal pathogens systemin bacterial or fungal pathogens polygalacturonase inhibitors bacterial or fungal pathogens Prf control gene bacterial or fungal pathogens phytoalexins bacterial or fungal pathogens B-1,3-glucanase (antisense) bacterial or fungal pathogens AX + WIN-proteins bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Cercospora beticola receptor kinase bacterial or fungal pathogens polypeptide having the effect of bacterial or fungal pathogens triggering a hypersensitivity reaction systemic aquired resistance viral, bacterial, fungal and nematodal (SAR) genes pathogens lytic protein bacterial or fungal pathogens lysozyme bacterial or fungal pathogens chitinases bacterial or fungal pathogens barnase bacterial or fungal pathogens glucanases bacterial or fungal pathogens double-strand ribonuclease viruses such as, for example, BNYVV envelope proteins viruses such as, for example, BNYVV 17 kDa or 60 kDa protein viruses such as, for example, BNYVV nuclear inclusion proteins e.g. a viruses such as, for example, BNYVV or b or nucleoprotein pseudoubiquitin viruses such as, for example, BNYVV replicase viruses such as, for example, BNYVV toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis, Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, VIP 3, Bacillus cereus toxins, whitefly, beetles, root-flies Photorabdus and Xenorhabdus toxins 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles, root-flies peroxidase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles, root-flies aminopeptidase inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, leucine aminopeptidase whitefly, beetles, root-flies inhibitor lectins Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles, root-flies protease inhibitors, e.g. Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, cystatin, patatin, CPTI, whitefly, beetles, root-flies virgiferin ribosome-inactivating protein Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles, root-flies stilbene synthase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles, root-flies HMG-CoA reductase Lepidoptera, aphids, mites, nematodes, whitefly, beetles, root-flies hatching factor for cyst cyst nematodes nematodes barnase nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes beet cyst nematode resistance cyst nematodes site CBI root-knot nematodes principles for preventing food nematodes, e.g. root-knot nematodes and uptake induced root-cyst nematodes

TABLE 2 AP Control of CrylA(a) Adoxophyes spp. CrylA(a) Agrotis spp. CrylA(a) Alabama argiliaceae CrylA(a) Anticarsia gemmatalis CrylA(a) Chilo spp. CrylA(a) Clysia ambiguella CrylA(a) Crocidolomia binotalis CrylA(a) Cydia spp. CrylA(a) Diparopsis castanea CrylA(a) Earias spp. CrylA(a) Ephestia spp. CrylA(a) Heliothis spp. CrylA(a) Heliula undalis CrylA(a) Keiferia lycopersicella CrylA(a) Leucoptera scitella CrylA(a) Lithocollethis spp. CrylA(a) Lobesia botrana CrylA(a) Ostrinia nubilalis CrylA(a) Pandemis spp. CrylA(a) Pectinophora gossyp. CrylA(a) Phyllocnistis citrella CrylA(a) Pieris spp. CrylA(a) Plutella xylostella CrylA(a) Scirpophaga spp. CrylA(a) Sesamia spp. CrylA(a) Sparganothis spp. CrylA(a) Spodoptera spp. CrylA(a) Tortrix spp. CrylA(a) Trichoplusia ni CrylA(a) Agriotes spp. CrylA(a) Anthonomus grandis CrylA(a) Curculio spp. CrylA(a) Diabrotica balteata CrylA(a) Leptinotarsa spp. CrylA(a) Lissorhoptrus spp. CrylA(a) Otiorhynchus spp. CrylA(a) Aleurothrixus spp. CrylA(a) Aleyrodes spp. CrylA(a) Aonidiella spp. CrylA(a) Aphididea spp. CrylA(a) Aphis spp. CrylA(a) Bemisia tabaci CrylA(a) Empoasca spp. CrylA(a) Mycus spp. CrylA(a) Nephotettix spp. CrylA(a) Nilaparvata spp. CrylA(a) Pseudococcus spp. CrylA(a) Psylla spp. CrylA(a) Quadraspidiotus spp. CrylA(a) Schizaphis spp. CrylA(a) Trialeurodes spp. CrylA(a) Lyriomyza spp. CrylA(a) Oscinella spp. CrylA(a) Phorbia spp. CrylA(a) Frankliniella spp. CrylA(a) Thrips spp. CrylA(a) Scirtothrips aurantii CrylA(a) Aceria spp. CrylA(a) Aculus spp. CrylA(a) Brevipaipus spp. CrylA(a) Panonychus spp. CrylA(a) Phyllocoptruta spp. CrylA(a) Tetranychus spp. CrylA(a) Heterodera spp. CrylA(a) Meloidogyne spp. CrylA(b) Adoxophyes spp CrylA(b) Agrotis spp CrylA(b) Alabama argillaceae CrylA(b) Anticarsia gemmatalis CrylA(b) Chilo spp. CrylA(b) Ciysia ambiguella CrylA(b) Crocidolomia binotaiis CrylA(b) Cydia spp. CrylA(b) Diparopsis castanea CrylA(b) Earias spp. CrylA(b) Ephestia spp. CrylA(b) Heliothis spp. CrylA(b) Hellula undalis CrylA(b) Keiferia lycopersicella CrylA(b) Leucoptera scitella CrylA(b) Lithocollethis spp. CrylA(b) Lobesia botrana CrylA(b) Ostrinia nubilalis CrylA(b) Pandemis spp. CrylA(b) Pectinophora gossyp. CrylA(b) Phyllocnistis citrella CrylA(b) Pieris spp. CrylA(b) Plutelia xyiostella CrylA(b) Scirpophaga spp. CrylA(b) Sesamia spp. CrylA(b) Sparganothis spp. CrylA(b) Spodoptera spp. CrylA(b) Tortrix spp. CrylA(b) Trichoplusia ni CrylA(b) Agriotes spp. CrylA(b) Anthonomus grandis CrylA(b) Curculio spp. CrylA(b) Diabrotica balteata CrylA(b) Leptinotarsa spp. CrylA(b) Lissorhoptrus spp. CrylA(b) Otiorhynchus spp. CrylA(b) Aleurothrixus spp. CrylA(b) Aleyrodes spp. CrylA(b) Aonidiella spp. CrylA(b) Aphididae spp. CrylA(b) Aphis spp. CrylA(b) Bemisia tabaci CrylA(b) Empoasca spp. CrylA(b) Mycus spp. CrylA(b) Nephotettix spp. CrylA(b) Nilaparvata spp. CrylA(b) Pseudococcus spp. CrylA(b) Psylla spp. CrylA(b) Quadraspidiotus spp. CrylA(b) Schizaphis spp. CrylA(b) Trialeurodes spp. CrylA(b) Lyriomyza spp. CrylA(b) Oscinella spp. CrylA(b) Phorbia spp. CrylA(b) Frankliniella spp. CrylA(b) Thrips spp. CrylA(b) Scirtothrips aurantii CrylA(b) Aceria spp. CrylA(b) Aculus spp. CrylA(b) Brevipalpus spp. CrylA(b) Panonychus spp. CrylA(b) Phyllocoptruta spp. CrylA(b) Tetranychus spp. CrylA(b) Heterodera spp. CrylA(b) Meloidogyne spp. CrylA(c) Adoxophyes spp. CrylA(c) Agrotis spp. CrylA(c) Alabama argillaceae CrylA(c) Anticarsia gemmatalis CrylA(c) Chilo spp. CrylA(c) Ciysia ambiguella CrylA(c) Crocidolomia binotalis CrylA(c) Cydia spp. CrylA(c) Diparopsis castanea CrylA(c) Earias spp. CrylA(c) Ephestia spp. CrylA(c) Heliothis spp. CrylA(c) Hellula undalis CrylA(c) Keiferia lycopersicella CrylA(c) Leucoptera scitella CrylA(c) Lithocollethis spp. CrylA(c) Lobesia botrana CrylA(c) Ostrinia nubilalis CrylA(c) Pandemis spp. CrylA(c) Pectinophora gossypielia. CrylA(c) Phyllocnistis citrella CrylA(c) Pieris spp. CrylA(c) Plutella xyiostella CrylA(c) Scirpophaga spp. CrylA(c) Sesamia spp. CrylA(c) Sparganothis spp. CrylA(c) Spodoptera spp. CrylA(c) Tortrix spp. CrylA(c) Trichoplusia ni CrylA(c) Agriotes spp. CrylA(c) Anthonomus grandis CrylA(c) Curculio spp. CrylA(c) Diabrotica baiteata CrylA(c) Leptinotarsa spp. CrylA(c) Lissorhoptrus spp. CrylA(c) Otiorhynchus spp. CrylA(c) Aleurothrixus spp. CrylA(c) Aleyrodes spp. CrylA(c) Aonidiella spp. CrylA(c) Aphididae spp. CrylA(c) Aphis spp. CrylA(c) Bemisia tabaci CrylA(c) Empoasca spp. CrylA(c) Mycus spp. CrylA(c) Nephotettix spp. CrylA(c) Nilaparvata spp. CrylA(c) Pseudococcus spp. CrylA(c) Psylla spp. CrylA(c) Quadraspidiotus spp. CrylA(c) Schizaphis spp. CrylA(c) Trialeurodes spp. CrylA(c) Lyriomyza spp. CrylA(c) Oscinelia spp. CrylA(c) Phorbia spp. CrylA(c) Frankliniella spp. CrylA(c) Thrips spp. CrylA(c) Scirtothrips aurantii CrylA(c) Aceria spp. CrylA(c) Aculus spp. CrylA(c) Brevipalpus spp. CrylA(c) Panonychus spp. CrylA(c) Phyllocoptruta spp. CrylA(c) Tetranychus spp. CrylA(c) Heterodera spp. CrylA(c) Meloidogyne spp. CryllA Adoxophyes spp. CryllA Agrotis spp. CryllA Alabama argillaceae CryllA Anticarsia gemmatalis CryllA Chilo spp. CryllA Clysia ambiguella CryllA Crocidolomia binotalis CryllA Cydia spp. CryllA Diparopsis castanea CryllA Earias spp. CryllA Ephestia spp. CryllA Heliothis spp. CryllA Hellula undalis CryllA Keiferia lycopersicella CryllA Leucoptera scitella CryllA Lithocoliethis spp. CryllA Lobesia botrana CryllA Ostrinia nubilalis CryllA Pandemis spp. CryllA Pectinophora gossyp. CryllA Phyllocnistis citrella CryllA Pieris spp. CryllA Plutella xylostella CryllA Scirpophaga spp. CryllA Sesamia spp. CryllA Sparganothis spp. CryllA Spodoptera spp. CryllA Tortrix spp. CryllA Trichoplusia ni CryllA Agriotes spp. CryllA Anthonomus grandis CryllA Curculio spp. CryllA Diabrotica balteata CryllA Leptinotarsa spp. CryllA Lissorhoptrus spp. CryllA Otiorhynchus spp. CryllA Aleurothrixus spp. CryllA Aleyrodes spp. CryllA Aonidiella spp. CryllA Aphididae spp. CryllA Aphis spp. CryllA Bemisia tabaci CryllA Empoasca spp. CryllA Mycus spp. CryllA Nephotettix spp. CryllA Nilaparvata spp. CryllA Pseudococcus spp. CryllA Psyila spp. CryllA Quadraspidiotus spp. CryllA Schizaphis spp. CryllA Trialeurodes spp. CryllA Lyriomyza spp. CryllA Oscinella spp. CryllA Phorbia spp. CryllA Frankliniella spp. CryllA Thrips spp. CryllA Scirtothrips aurantii CryllA Aceria spp. CryllA Acutus spp. CryllA Brevipalpus spp. CryllA Panonychus spp. CryllA Phyllocoptruta spp. CryllA Tetranychus spp. CryllA Heterodera spp. CryllA Meloidogyne spp. CrylllA Adoxophyes spp. CrylllA Agrotis spp. CrylllA Alabama argiiiaceae CrylllA Anticarsia gemmataiis CrylllA Chilo spp. CrylllA Ciysia ambiguelia CrylllA Crocodolomia binotalis CrylllA Cydia spp. CrylllA Diparopsis castanea CrylllA Earias spp. CrylllA Ephestia spp. CrylllA Heliothis spp. CrylllA Hellula undalis CrylllA Keiferia lycopersicella CrylllA Leucoptera scitella CrylllA Lithocollethis spp. CrylllA Lobesia botrana CrylllA Ostrinia nubilalis CrylllA Pandemis spp. CrylllA Pectinophora gossyp. CrylllA Phyllocnistis citrella CrylllA Pieris spp. CrylllA Plutella xylostella CrylllA Scirpophaga spp. CrylllA Sesamia spp. CrylllA Sparganothis spp. CrylllA Spodoptera spp. CrylllA Tortrix spp. CrylllA Trichoplusia ni CrylllA Agriotes spp. CrylllA Anthonomus grandis CrylllA Curculio spp. CrylllA Diabrotica balteata CrylllA Leptinotarsa spp. CrylllA Lissorhoptrus spp. CrylllA Otiorhynchus spp. CrylllA Aleurothrixus spp. CrylllA Aleyrodes spp. CrylllA Aonidiella spp. CrylllA Aphididae spp. CrylllA Aphis spp. CrylllA Bemisia tabaci CrylllA Empoasca spp. CrylllA Mycus spp. CrylllA Nephotettix spp. CrylllA Nilaparvata spp. CrylllA Pseudococcus spp. CrylllA Psylla spp. CrylllA Quadraspidiotus spp. CrylllA Schizaphis spp. CrylllA Trialeurodes spp. CrylllA Lyriomyza spp. CrylllA Oscinella spp. CrylllA Phorbia spp. CrylllA Frankliniella spp. CrylllA Thrips spp. CrylllA Scirtothrips aurantii CrylllA Aceria spp. CrylllA Aculus spp. CrylllA Brevipalpus spp. CrylllA Panonychus spp. CrylllA Phyllocoptruta spp. CrylllA Tetranychus spp. CrylllA Heterodera spp. CrylllA Meloidogyne spp. CrylllB2 Adoxophyes spp. CrylllB2 Agrotis spp. CrylllB2 Alabama argiilaceae CrylllB2 Anticarsia gemmatalis CrylllB2 Chilo spp. CrylllB2 Clysia ambiguella CrylllB2 Crocidolomia binotaiis CrylllB2 Cydia spp. CrylllB2 Diparopsis castanea CrylllB2 Earias spp. CrylllB2 Ephestia spp. CrylllB2 Heliothis spp. CrylllB2 Hellula undalis CrylllB2 Keiferia lycopersicella CrylllB2 Leucoptera sectelia CrylllB2 Lithocollethis spp. CrylllB2 Lobesia botrana CrylllB2 Ostrinia nubilalis CrylllB2 Pandemis spp. CrylllB2 Pectinophora gossyp. CrylllB2 Phyllocnistis citrella CrylllB2 Pieris spp. CrylllB2 Plutella xylostella CrylllB2 Scirpophaga spp. CrylllB2 Sesamia spp. CrylllB2 Sparganothis spp. CrylllB2 Spodoptera spp. CrylllB2 Tortrix spp. CrylllB2 Trichoplusia ni CrylllB2 Agriotes spp. CrylllB2 Anthonomus grandis CrylllB2 Curculio spp. CrylllB2 Diabrotica balteata CrylllB2 Leptinotarsa spp. CrylllB2 Lissorhoptrus spp. CrylllB2 Otiorhynchus spp. CrylllB2 Aleurothrixus spp. CrylllB2 Aleyrodes spp. CrylllB2 Aonidiella spp. CrylllB2 Aphididae spp. CrylllB2 Aphis spp. CrylllB2 Bemisia tabaci CrylllB2 Empoasca spp. CrylllB2 Mycus spp. CrylllB2 Nephotettix spp. CrylllB2 Nilaparvata spp. CrylllB2 Pseudococcus spp. CrylllB2 Psylla spp. CrylllB2 Quadraspidiotus spp. CrylllB2 Schizaphis spp. CrylllB2 Trialeurodes spp. CrylllB2 Lyriornyza spp. CrylllB2 Oscinella spp. CrylllB2 Phorbia spp. CrylllB2 Frankliniella spp. CrylllB2 Thrips spp. CrylllB2 Scirtothrips aurantii CrylllB2 Aceria spp. CrylllB2 Acutus spp. CrylllB2 Brevipalpus spp. CrylllB2 Panonychus spp. CrylllB2 Phyllocoptruta spp. CrylllB2 Tetranychus spp. CrylllB2 Heterodera spp. CrylllB2 Meloidogyne spp. CytA Adoxophyes spp. CytA Agrotis spp. CytA Alabama argiilaceae CytA Anticarsia gemmatalis CytA Chilo spp. CytA Clysia ambiguella CytA Crocidolomia binotaiis CytA Cydia spp. CytA Diparopsis castanea CytA Earias spp. CytA Ephestia spp. CytA Heliothis spp. CytA Hellula undalis CytA Keiferia lycopersicella CytA Leucoptera scitelia CytA Lithocollethis spp. CytA Lobesia botrana CytA Ostrinia nubilalis CytA Pandemis spp. CytA Pectinophora gossyp. CytA Phyllocnistis citrella CytA Pieris spp. CytA Plutella xylostella CytA Scirpophaga spp. CytA Sesamia spp. CytA Sparganothis spp. CytA Spodoptera spp. CytA Tortrix spp. CytA Trichoplusia ni CytA Agriotes spp. CytA Anthonomus grandis CytA Curculio spp. CytA Diabrotica balteata CytA Leptinotarsa spp. CytA Lissorhoptrus spp. CytA Otiorhynchus spp. CytA Aleurothrixus spp. CytA Aleyrodes spp. CytA Aonidielia spp. CytA Aphididae spp. CytA Aphis spp. CytA Bemisia tabaci CytA Empoasca spp. CytA Mycus spp. CytA Nephotettix spp. CytA Nilaparvata spp. CytA Pseudococcus spp. CytA Psylla spp. CytA Quadraspidiotus spp. CytA Schizaphis spp. CytA Trialeurodes spp. CytA Lyriomyza spp. CytA Oscinella spp. CytA Phorbia spp. CytA Frankliniella spp. CytA Thrips spp. CytA Scirtothrips aurantii CytA Aceria spp. CytA Acutus spp. CytA Brevipalpus spp. CytA Panonychus spp. CytA Phyllocoptruta spp. CytA Tetranychus spp. CytA Heterodera spp. CytA Meloidogyne spp. VIP3 Adoxophyes spp. VIP3 Agrotis spp. VIP3 Alabama argillaceae VIP3 Anticarsia gemmatalis VIP3 Chilo spp. VIP3 Clysia ambiguella VIP3 Crocidolomia binotalis VIP3 Cydia spp. VIP3 Diparopsis castanea VIP3 Earias spp. VIP3 Ephestia spp. VIP3 Heliothis spp. VIP3 Hellula undalis VIP3 Keiferia lycopersicella VIP3 Leucoptera scitella VIP3 Lithocollethis spp. VIP3 Lobesia botrana VIP3 Ostrinia nubilalis VIP3 Pandemis spp. VIP3 Pectinophora gossyp. VIP3 Phyllocnistis citrella VIP3 Pieris spp. VIP3 Piutella xylostella VIP3 Scirpophaga spp. VIP3 Sesamia spp. VIP3 Sparganothis spp. VIP3 Spodoptera spp. VIP3 Tortrix spp. VIP3 Trichoplusia ni VIP3 Agriotes spp. VIP3 Anthonomus grandis VIP3 Curculio spp. VIP3 Diabrotica balteata VIP3 Leptinotarsa spp. VIP3 Lissorhoptrus spp. VIP3 Otiorhynchus spp. VIP3 Aleurothrixus spp. VIP3 Aleyrodes spp. VIP3 Aonidiella spp. VIP3 Aphididae spp. VIP3 Aphis spp. VIP3 Bemisia tabaci VIP3 Empoasca spp. VIP3 Mycus spp. VIP3 Nephotettix spp. VIP3 Niiaparvata spp. VIP3 Pseudococcus spp. VIP3 Psylla spp. VIP3 Quadraspidiotus spp. VIP3 Schizaphis spp. VIP3 Trialeurodes spp. VIP3 Lyriomyza spp. VIP3 Oscinella spp. VIP3 Phorbia spp. VIP3 Frankliniella spp. VIP3 Thrips spp. VIP3 Scirtothrips aurantii VIP3 Aceria spp. VIP3 Acutus spp. VIP3 Brevipalpus spp. VIP3 Panonychus spp. VIP3 Phyllocoptruta spp. VIP3 Tetranychus spp. VIP3 Heterodera spp. VIP3 Meloidogyne spp. GL Adoxophyes spp. GL Agrotis spp. GL Alabama argillaceae GL Anticarsia gemmatalis GL Chilo spp. GL Clysia ambiguella GL Crocidolomia binotaiis GL Cydia spp. GL Diparopsis castanea GL Earias spp. GL Ephestia spp. GL Heliothis spp. GL Hellula undalis GL Keiferia lycopersicella GL Leucoptera scitella GL Lithocollethis spp. GL Lobesia botrana GL Ostrinia nubilalis GL Pandemis spp. GL Pectinophora gossyp. GL Phyliocnistis citrella GL Pieris spp. GL Plutella xylostella GL Scirpophaga spp. GL Sesamia spp. GL Sparganothis spp. GL Spodoptera spp. GL Tortrix spp. GL Trichoplusia ni GL Agriotes spp. GL Anthonomus grandis GL Curculio spp. GL Diabrotica balteata GL Leptinotarsa spp. GL Lissorhoptrus spp. GL Otiorhynchus spp. GL Aleurothrixus spp. GL Aleyrodes spp. GL Aonidiella spp. GL Aphididae spp. GL Aphis spp. GL Bemisia tabaci GL Empoasca spp. GL Mycus spp. GL Nephotettix spp. GL Nilaparvata spp. GL Pseudococcus spp. GL Psylia spp. GL Quadraspidiotus spp. GL Schizaphis spp. GL Trialeurodes spp. GL Lyriomyza spp. GL Oscinella spp. GL Phorbia spp. GL Frankliniella spp. GL Thrips spp. GL Scirtothrips aurantii GL Aceria spp. GL Aculus spp. GL Brevipalpus spp. GL Panonychus spp. GL Phyliocoptruta spp. GL Tetranychus spp. GL Heterodera spp. GL Meioidogyne spp. PL Adoxophyesspp. PL Agrotis spp. PL Alabama argillaceae PL Anticarsia gemmatalis PL Chilo spp. PL Clysia ambiguella PL Crocidolomia binotalis PL Cydia spp. PL Diparopsis castanea PL Earias spp. PL Ephestia spp. PL Heliothis spp. PL Hellula undaiis PL Keiferia lycopersicella PL Leucoptera scitella PL Lithocollethis spp. PL Lobesia botrana PL Ostrinia nubilalis PL Pandemis spp. PL Pectinophora gossyp. PL Phyllocnistis citrella PL Pieris spp. PL Plutella xylostella PL Scirpophaga spp. PL Sesamia spp. PL Sparganothis spp. PL Spodoptera spp. PL Tortrix spp. PL Trichoplusia ni PL Agriotes spp. PL Anthonomus grandis PL Curculio spp. PL Diabrotica balteata PL Leptinotarsa spp. PL Lissorhoptrus spp. PL Otiorhynchus spp. PL Aleurothrixus spp. PL Aleyrodes spp. PL Aonidiella spp. PL Aphididae spp. PL Aphis spp. PL Bemisia tabaci PL Empoasca spp. PL Mycus spp. PL Nephotettix spp. PL Nilaparvata spp. PL Pseudococcus spp. PL Psylla spp. PL Quadraspidiotus spp. PL Schizaphis spp. PL Trialeurodes spp. PL Lyriomyza spp. PL Oscinella spp. PL Phorbia spp. PL Frankliniella spp. PL Thrips spp. PL Scirtothrips auranii PL Aceria spp. PL Aculus spp. PL Brevipalpus spp. PL Panonychus spp. PL Phyllocoptruta spp. PL Tetranychus spp. PL Heterodera spp. PL Meloidogyne spp. XN Adoxophyes spp. XN Agrotis spp. XN Alabama argiliaceae XN Anticarsia gemmatalis XN Chilo spp. XN Clysia ambiguella XN Crocidolomia binotalis XN Cydia spp. XN Diparopsis castanea XN Earias spp. XN Ephestia spp. XN Heliothis spp. XN Helluia undaiis XN Keiferia lycopersicella XN Leucoptera scitella XN Lithocollethis spp. XN Lobesia botrana XN Ostrinia nubilalis XN Pandemis spp. XN Pectinophora gossyp. XN Phyllocnistis citrella XN Pieris spp. XN Plutella xylostella XN Scirpophaga spp. XN Sesamia spp. XN Sparganothis spp. XN Spodoptera spp. XN Tortrix spp. XN Trichoplusia ni XN Agriotes spp. XN Anthonomus grandis XN Curculio spp. XN Diabrotica balteata XN Leptinotarsa spp. XN Lissorhoptrus spp. XN Otiorhynchus spp. XN Aleurothrixus spp. XN Aleyrodes spp. XN Aonidiella spp. XN Aphididae spp. XN Aphis spp. XN Bemisia tabaci XN Empoasca spp. XN Mycus spp. XN Nephotettix spp. XN Nilaparvata spp. XN Pseudococcus spp. XN Psylla spp. XN Quadraspidiotus spp. XN Schizaphis spp. XN Trialeurodes spp. XN Lyriomyza spp. XN Oscinella spp. XN Phorbia spp. XN Frankliniella spp. XN Thrips spp. XN Scirtothrips aurantii XN Aceria spp. XN Aculus spp. XN Brevipalpus spp. XN Panonychus spp. XN Phyllocoptruta spp. XN Tetranychus spp. XN Heterodera spp. XN Meloidogyne spp. Plnh. Adoxophyes spp. Plnh. Agrotis spp. Plnh. Alabama argiliaceae Plnh. Anticarsia gemmatalis Plnh. Chilo spp. Plnh. Clysia ambiguella Plnh. Crocidolomia binotalis Plnh. Cydia spp. Plnh. Diparopsis castanea Plnh. Earias spp. Plnh. Ephestia spp. Plnh. Heliothis spp. Plnh. Heliuia undalis Plnh. Keiferia lycopersicella Plnh. Leucoptera scitella Plnh. Lithocollethis spp. Plnh. Lobesia botrana Plnh. Ostrinia nubilalis Plnh. Pandemis spp. Plnh. Pectinophora gossyp. Plnh. Phyllocnistis citrelia Plnh. Pieris spp. Plnh. Plutella xylostella Plnh. Scirpophaga spp. Plnh. Sesamia spp. Plnh. Sparganothis spp. Plnh. Spodoptera spp. Plnh. Tortrix spp. Plnh. Trichoplusia ni Plnh. Agriotes spp. Plnh. Anthonomus grandis Plnh. Curculio spp. Plnh. Diabrotica balteata Plnh. Leptinotarsa spp. Plnh. Lissorhoptrus spp. Plnh. Otiorhynchus spp. Plnh. Aleurothrixus spp. Plnh. Aleyrodes spp. Plnh. Aonidiella spp. Plnh. Aphididae spp. Plnh. Aphis spp. Plnh. Bemisia tabaci Plnh. Empoasca spp. Plnh. Mycus spp. Plnh. Nephotettix spp. Plnh. Nilaparvata spp. Plnh. Pseudococcus spp. Plnh. Psylla spp. Plnh. Quadraspidiotus spp. Plnh. Schizaphis spp. Plnh. Trialeurodes spp. Plnh. Lyriomyza spp. Plnh. Oscinella spp. Plnh. Phorbia spp. Plnh. Frankliniella spp. Plnh. Thrips spp. Plnh. Scirtothrips aurantii Plnh. Aceria spp. Plnh. Acutus spp. Plnh. Brevipalpus spp. Plnh. Panonychus spp. Plnh. Phyllocoptruta spp. Plnh. Tetranychus spp. Plnh. Heterodera spp. Plnh. Meloidogyne spp. PLec. Adoxophyes spp. PLec. Agrotis spp. PLec. Alabama argillaceae PLec. Anticarsia gemmatalis PLec. Chilo spp. PLec. Clysia ambiguella PLec. Crocidolomia binotalis PLec. Cydia spp. PLec. Diparopsis castanea PLec. Earias spp. PLec. Ephestia spp. PLec. Heliothis spp. PLec. Hellula undalis PLec. Keiferia lycopersicella PLec. Leucoptera scitella PLec. Lithocollethis spp. PLec. Lobesia botrana PLec. Ostrinia nubilalis PLec. Pandemis spp. PLec. Pectinophora gossyp. PLec. Phyllocnistis citrella PLec. Pieris spp. PLec. Plutella xylostella PLec. Scirpophaga spp. PLec. Sesamia spp. PLec. Sparganothis spp. PLec. Spodoptera spp. PLec. Tortrix spp. PLec. Trichoplusia ni PLec. Agriotes spp. PLec. Anthonomus grandis PLec. Curculio spp. PLec. Diabrotica balteata PLec. Leptinotarsa spp. PLec. Lissorhoptrus spp. PLec. Otiorhynchus spp. PLec. Aleurothrixus spp. PLec. Aleyrodes spp. PLec. Aonidiella spp. PLec. Aphididae spp. PLec. Aphis spp. PLec. Bemisia tabaci PLec. Empoasca spp. PLec. Mycus spp. PLec. Nephotettix spp. PLec. Nilaparvata spp. PLec. Pseudococcus spp. PLec. Psylia spp. PLec. Quadraspidiotus spp. PLec. Schizaphis spp. PLec. Trialeurodes spp. PLec. Lyriomyza spp. PLec. Oscinella spp. PLec. Phorbia spp. PLec. Frankliniella spp. PLec. Thrips spp. PLec. Scirtothrips aurantii PLec. Aceria spp. PLec. Aculus spp. PLec. Brevipalpus spp. PLec. Panonychus spp. PLec. Phyllocoptruta spp. PLec. Tetranychus spp. PLec. Heterodera spp. PLec. Meloidogyne spp. Aggl. Adoxophyes spp. Aggl. Agrotis spp. Aggl. Alabama argillaceae Aggl. Anticarsia gemmatalis Aggl. Chilo spp. Aggl. Clysia ambiguella Aggl. Crocidolomia binotalis Aggl. Cydia spp. Aggl. Diparopsis castanea Aggl. Earias spp. Aggl. Ephestia spp. Aggl. Heliothis spp. Aggl. Hellula undalis Aggl. Keiferia lycopersicella Aggl. Leucoptera scitella Aggl. Lithocollethis spp. Aggl. Lobesia botrana Aggl. Ostrinia nubilalis Aggl. Pandemis spp. Aggl. Pectinophora gossyp. Aggl. Phyllocnistis citrella Aggl. Pieris spp. Aggl. Plutiia xylostella Aggl. Scirpophaga spp. Aggl. Sesamia spp. Aggl. Sparganothis spp. Aggl. Spodoptera spp. Aggl. Tortrix spp. Aggl. Trichoplusia ni Aggl. Agriotes spp. Aggl. Anthonomus grandis Aggl. Curculio spp. Aggl. Diabrotica balteata Aggl. Leptinotarsa spp. Aggl. Lissorhoptrus spp. Aggl. Otiorhynchus spp. Aggl. Aleurothrixus spp. Aggl. Aleyrodes spp. Aggl. Aonidiella spp. Aggl. Aphididae spp. Aggl. Aphis spp. Aggl. Bemisia tabaci Aggl. Empoasca spp. Aggl. Mycus spp. Aggl. Nephotettix spp. Aggl. Nilaparvata spp. Aggl. Pseudococcus spp. Aggl. Psylla spp. Aggl. Quadraspidiotus spp. Aggl. Schizaphis spp. Aggl. Trialeurodes spp. Aggl. Lyriomyza spp. Aggl. Oscinella spp. Aggl. Phorbia spp. Aggl. Frankliniella spp. Aggl. Thrips spp. Aggl. Scirtothrips aurantii Aggl. Aceria spp. Aggl. Aculus spp. Aggl. Brevipalpus spp. Aggl. Panonychus spp. Aggl. Phyllocoptruta spp Aggl. Tetranychus spp. Aggl. Heterodera spp. Aggl. Meloidogyne spp. CO Adoxophyes spp. CO Agrotis spp. CO Alabama argiliaceae CO Anticarsia gemmatalis CO Chilo spp. CO Ciysia ambiguella CO Crocidolomia binotalis CO Cydia spp. CO Diparopsis castanea CO Earias spp. CO Ephestia spp. CO Heliothis spp. CO Hellula undalis CO Keiferia lycopersicella CO Leucoptera scitella CO Lithocollethis spp. CO Lobesia botrana CO Ostrinia nubilalis CO Pandemis spp. CO Pectinophora gossyp. CO Phyllocnistis citrella CO Pieris spp. CO Plutella xylostella CO Scirpophaga spp. CO Sesamia spp. CO Sparganothis spp. CO Spodoptera spp. CO Tortrix spp. CO Trichoplusia ni CO Agriotes spp. CO Anthonomus grandis CO Curculio spp. CO Diabrotica balteata CO Leptinotarsa spp. CO Lissorhoptrus spp. CO Otiorhynchus spp. CO Aleurothrixus spp. CO Aleyrodes spp. CO Aonidielia spp. CO Aphididae spp. CO Aphis spp. CO Bemisia tabaci CO Empoasca spp. CO Mycus spp. CO Nephotettix spp. CO Nilaparvata spp. CO Pseudococcus spp. CO Psylla spp. CO Quadraspidiotus spp. CO Schizaphis spp. CO Trialeurodes spp. CO Lyriomyza spp. CO Oscinella spp. CO Phorbia spp. CO Frankliniella spp. CO Thrips spp. CO Scirtothrips aurantii CO Aceria spp. CO Acutus spp. CO Brevipalpus spp. CO Panonychus spp. CO Phyllocoptruta spp. CO Tetranychus spp. CO Heterodera spp. CO Meloidogyne spp. CH Adoxophyes spp. CH Agrotis spp. CH Alabama argillaceae CH Anticarsia gemmatalis CH Chilo spp. CH Clysia ambiguella CH Crocidolomia binotalis CH Cydia spp. CH Diparopsis castanea CH Earias spp. CH Ephestia spp. CH Heliothis spp. CH Hellula undalis CH Keiferia lycopersicella CH Leucoptera scitella CH Lithocollethis spp. CH Lobesia botrana CH Ostrinia nubilalis CH Pandemis spp. CH Pectinophora gossyp. CH Phyllocnistis citrella CH Pieris spp. CH Plutella xylostella CH Scirpophaga spp. CH Sesamia spp. CH Sparganothis spp. CH Spodoptera spp. CH Tortrix spp. CH Trichoplusia ni CH Agriotes spp. CH Anthonomus grandis CH Curculio spp. CH Diabrotica balteata CH Leptinotarsa spp. CH Lissorhoptrus spp. CH Otiorhynohus spp. CH Aleurothrixus spp. CH Aleyrodes spp. CH Aonidiella spp. CH Aphididae spp. CH Aphis spp. CH Bemisia tabaci CH Empoasca spp. CH Mycus spp. CH Nephotettix spp. CH Nilaparvata spp. CH Pseudococcus spp. CH Psylla spp. CH Quadraspidiotus spp. CH Schizaphis spp. CH Trialeurodes spp. CH Lyriomyza spp. CH Oscinella spp. CH Phorbia spp. CH Frankliniella spp. CH Thrips spp. CH Scirtothrips aurantii CH Aceria spp. CH Aculus spp. CH Brevipalpus spp. CH Panonychus spp. CH Phyllocoptruta spp. CH Tetranychus spp. CH Heterodera spp. CH Meloidogyne spp. SS Adoxophyes spp. SS Agrotis spp. SS Alabama argillaceae SS Anticarsia gemmatalis SS Chilo spp. SS Clysia ambiguella SS Crocidolomia binotalis SS Cydia spp. SS Diparopsis castanea SS Earias spp. SS Ephestia spp. SS Heliothis spp. SS Hellula undalis SS Keiferia lycopersicella SS Leucoptera scitella SS Lithocollethis spp. SS Lobesia botrana SS Ostrinia nubilalis SS Pandemis spp. SS Pectinophora gossyp. SS Phyllocnistis citrella SS Pieris spp. SS Plutella xylostella SS Scirpophaga spp. SS Sesamia spp. SS Sparganothis spp. SS Spodoptera spp. SS Tortrix spp. SS Trichopiusia ni SS Agriotes spp. SS Anthonomus grandis SS Curculio spp. SS Diabrotica balteata SS Leptinotarsa spp. SS Lissorhoptrus spp. SS Otiorhynchus spp. SS Aleurothrixus spp. SS Aleyrodes spp. SS Aonidielia spp. SS Aphididae spp. SS Aphis spp. SS Bemisia tabaci SS Empoasca spp. SS Mycus spp. SS Nephotettix spp. SS Nilaparvata spp. SS Pseudococcus spp. SS Psylla spp. SS Quadraspidiotus spp. SS Schizaphis spp. SS Trialeurodes spp. SS Lyriomyza spp. SS Oscinella spp. SS Phorbia spp. SS Frankliniella spp. SS Thrips spp. SS Scirtothrips aurantii SS Aceria spp. SS Aculus spp. SS Brevipalpus spp. SS Panonychus spp. SS Phyllocoptruta spp. SS Tetranychus spp. SS Heterodera spp. SS Meloidogyne spp. HO Adoxophyes spp. HO Agrotis spp. HO Alabama argillaceae HO Anticarsia gemmatalis HO Chilo spp. HO Clysia ambiguella HO Crocidolomia binotalis HO Cydia spp. HO Diparopsis castanea HO Earias spp. HO Ephestia spp. HO Heliothis spp. HO Hellula undalis HO Keiferia lycopersicella HO Leucoptera scitella HO Lithocollethis spp. HO Lobesia botrana HO Ostrinia nubilalis HO Pandemis spp. HO Pectinophora gossypiella HO Phyllocnistis citrella HO Pieris spp. HO Plutella xylostella HO Scirpophaga spp. HO Sesamia spp. HO Sparganothis spp. HO Spodoptera spp. HO Tortrix spp. HO Trichoplusia ni HO Agriotes spp. HO Anthonomus grandis HO Curculio spp. HO Diabrotica balteata HO Leptinotarsa spp. HO Lissorhoptrus spp. HO Otiorhynchus spp. HO Aleurothrixus spp. HO Aleyrodes spp. HO Aonidiella spp. HO Aphididae spp. HO Aphis spp. HO Bemisia tabaci HO Empoasca spp. HO Mycus spp. HO Nephotettix spp. HO Nilaparvata spp. HO Pseudococcus spp. HO Psylla spp. HO Quadraspidiotus spp. HO Schizaphis spp. HO Trialeurodes spp. HO Lyriomyza spp. HO Oscinella spp. HO Phorbia spp. HO Frankliniella spp. HO Thrips spp. HO Scirtothrips aurantii HO Aceria spp. HO Acutus spp. HO Brevipalpus spp. HO Panonychus spp. HO Phyllocoptruta spp. HO Tetranychus spp. HO Heterodera spp. HO Meloidogyne spp. In the table, the following abbreviations were used: active principle of the transgenic plant: AP Photorhabdus luminescens: PL Xenorhabdus nematophilus: XN proteinase inhibitors: Plnh. plant lectins PLec. agglutinines: Aggl. 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase: HO cholesterol oxidase: CO chitinase: CH glucanase: GL stilbene synthase: SS

TABLE 3 Principle Tolerance to Plant ALS sulphonylurea compounds etc.*** cotton ALS sulphonylurea compounds etc.*** rice ALS sulphonylurea compounds etc.*** Brassica ALS sulphonylurea compounds etc.*** potatoes ALS sulphonylurea compounds etc.*** tomatoes ALS sulphonylurea compounds etc.*** pumpkin ALS sulphonylurea compounds etc.*** soya beans ALS sulphonylurea compounds etc.*** maize ALS sulphonylurea compounds etc.*** wheat ALS sulphonylurea compounds etc.*** pome fruit ALS sulphonylurea compounds etc.*** stone fruit ALS sulphonylurea compounds etc.*** citrus fruit ACCase +++ cotton ACCase +++ rice ACCase +++ Brassica ACCase +++ potato ACCase +++ tomatoes ACCase +++ pumpkin ACCase +++ soya beans ACCase +++ maize ACCase +++ wheat ACCase +++ pome fruit ACCase +++ stone fruit ACCase +++ citrus fruit HPPD isoxaflutole, isoxachlortole, sulcotrione, cotton mesotrione HPPD isoxaflutole, isoxachlortole, sulcotrione, rice mesotrione HPPD isoxaflutole, isoxachlortole, sulcotrione, Brassica mesotrione HPPD isoxaflutole, isoxachlortole, sulcotrione, potatoes mesotrione HPPD isoxaflutole, isoxachlortole, sulcotrione, tomatoes mesotrione HPPD isoxaflutole, isoxachlortole, sulcotrione, pumpkin mesotrione HPPD isoxaflutole, isoxachlortole, sulcotrione, soya beans mesotrione HPPD isoxaflutole, isoxachlortole, sulcotrione, maize mesotrione HPPD isoxaflutole, isoxachlortole, sulcotrione, wheat mesotrione HPPD isoxaflutole, isoxachlortole, sulcotrione, pome fruit mesotrione HPPD isoxaflutole, isoxachlortole, sulcotrione, stone fruit mesotrione HPPD isoxaflutole, isoxachlortole, sulcotrione, citrus fruit mesotrione nitrilase bromoxynil, loxynil cotton nitrilase bromoxynil, loxynil rice nitrilase bromoxynil, loxynil Brassica nitrilase bromoxynil, loxynil potatoes nitrilase bromoxynil, loxynil tomatoes nitrilase bromoxynil, loxynil pumpkin nitrilase bromoxynil, loxynil soya beans nitrilase bromoxynil, loxynil maize nitrilase bromoxynil, loxynil wheat nitrilase bromoxynil, loxynil pome fruit nitrilase bromoxynil, loxynil stone fruit nitrilase bromoxynil, loxynil citrus fruit IPS chloroactanilides&&& cotton IPS chloroactanilides&&& rice IPS chloroactanilides&&& Brassica IPS chloroactanilides&&& potatoes IPS chloroactanilides&&& tomatoes IPS chloroactanilides&&& pumpkin IPS chloroactanilides&&& soya beans IPS chloroactanilides&&& maize IPS chloroactanilides&&& wheat IPS chloroactanilides&&& pome fruit IPS chloroactanilides&&& stone fruit IPS chloroactanilides&&& citrus fruit HOM 2,4-D, mecoprop-P cotton HOM 2,4-D, mecoprop-P rice HOM 2,4-D, mecoprop-P Brassica HOM 2,4-D, mecoprop-P potatoes HOM 2,4-D, mecoprop-P tomatoes HOM 2,4-D, mecoprop-P pumpkin HOM 2,4-D, mecoprop-P soya beans HOM 2,4-D, mecoprop-P maize HOM 2,4-D, mecoprop-P wheat HOM 2,4-D, mecoprop-P pome fruit HOM 2,4-D, mecoprop-P stone fruit HOM 2,4-D, mecoprop-P citrus fruit PROTOX Protox inhibitors/// cotton PROTOX Protox inhibitors/// rice PROTOX Protox inhibitors/// Brassica PROTOX Protox inhibitors/// potatoes PROTOX Protox inhibitors/// tomatoes PROTOX Protox inhibitors/// pumpkin PROTOX Protox inhibitors/// soya beans PROTOX Protox inhibitors/// maize PROTOX Protox inhibitors/// wheat PROTOX Protox inhibitors/// pome fruit PROTOX Protox inhibitors/// stone fruit PROTOX Protox inhibitors/// citrus fruit EPSPS glyphosate and/or sulphosate cotton EPSPS glyphosate and/or sulphosate rice EPSPS glyphosate and/or sulphosate Brassica EPSPS glyphosate and/or sulphosate potatoes EPSPS glyphosate and/or sulphosate tomatoes EPSPS glyphosate and/or sulphosate pumpkin EPSPS glyphosate and/or sulphosate soya beans EPSPS glyphosate and/or sulphosate maize EPSPS glyphosate and/or sulphosate wheat EPSPS glyphosate and/or sulphosate pome fruit EPSPS glyphosate and/or sulphosate stone fruit EPSPS glyphosate and/or sulphosate citrus fruit GS gluphosinate and/or bialaphos cotton GS gluphosinate and/or bialaphos rice GS gluphosinate and/or bialaphos Brassica GS gluphosinate and/or bialaphos potatoes GS gluphosinate and/or bialaphos tomatoes GS gluphosinate and/or bialaphos pumpkin GS gluphosinate and/or bialaphos soya beans GS gluphosinate and/or bialaphos maize GS gluphosinate and/or bialaphos wheat GS gluphosinate and/or bialaphos pome fruit GS gluphosinate and/or bialaphos stone fruit GS gluphosinate and/or bialaphos citrus fruit Abbreviations: acetyl-CoA carboxylase: ACCase acetolactate synthase: ALS hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase: HPPD inhibition of protein synthesis: IPS hormone imitation: HO glutamine synthetase: GS protoporphyrinogen oxidase: PROTOX 5-enolpyruvyl-3-phosphoshikimate synthase: EPSPS ***included are sulphonylurea compounds, imidazolinones, triazolopyrimidines, dimethoxypyrimidines and N-acylsulphonamides: sulphonylurea compounds such as chlorsulfuron, chlorimuron, ethamethsulfuron, metsulfuron, primisulfuron, prosulfuron, triasulfuron, cinosulfuron, trifusulfuron, oxasulfuron, bensulfuron, tribenuron, ACC 322140, fluzasulfuron, ethoxysulfuron, fluzadsulfuron, nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, thifensulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, clopyrasulfuron, NC 330, azimsulfuron, imazosulfuron, sulfosulfuron, amidosulfuron, flupyrsulfuron, CGA 362622 imidazolinones such as imazamethabenz, imazaquin, imazamethypyr, imazethapyr, imazapyr and imazamox; triazolopyrimidines such as DE 511, flumetsulam and chloransulam; dimethoxypyrimidines such as, for example, pyrithiobac, pyriminobac, bispyribac and pyribenzoxim. +++Tolerance to diclofop-methyl, fluazifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop-P-methyl, haloxyfop-P-ethyl, quizalafop-P-ethyl, clodinafop-propargyl, fenoxaprop-ethyl, tepraloxydim, alloxydim, sethoxydim, cycloxydim, cloproxydim, tralkoxydim, butoxydim, caloxydim, clefoxydim, clethodim. &&&chloroacetanilides such as, for example, alachlor, acetochlor, dimethenamid ///Protox inhibitors: for example diphenyl ethers such as, for example, acifluorfen, aclonifen, bifenox, chlornitrofen, ethoxyfen, fluoroglycofen, fomesafen, lactofen, oxyfluorfen; imides such as, for example, azafenidin, carfentrazone-ethyl, cinidon-ethyl, flumiclorac-pentyl, flumioxazin, fluthiacet-methyl, oxadiargyl, oxadiazon, pentoxazone, sulfentrazone, imides and other compounds such as, for example, flumipropyn, flupropacil, nipyraclofen and thidiazimin; and also fluazola and pyraflufen-ethyl.

TABLE 4 List of examples of genetically modified plants having modified properties Genetically modified plants Genetically modified properties Dianthus caryophyllus (carnation) Longer-lasting as a result of reduced line 66 ethylene accumulation owing to the [Florigene Pty. Ltd.] expression of ACC synthase; tolerant to sulphonylurea herbicides Dianthus caryophyllus (carnation) Modified flower colour; tolerant to lines 4, 11, 15, 16 sulphonyl-urea herbicides [Florigene Pty. Ltd.] Dianthus caryophyllus (carnation) Modified flower colour; tolerant to lines 959A, 988A, 1226A, 1351A, sulphonyl-urea herbicides 1363A, 1400A [Florigene Pty. Ltd.] Brassica napus (Argentine oilseed Modified fatty acid content in the seeds rape) lines 23-18-17, 23-198 [Monsanto Company] Zea mays L. (maize) Elevated lysine content lines REN-ØØØ38-3 (LY038) [Monsanto Company] Zea mays L. (maize) Elevated lysine content, corn borer lines REN-ØØØ38-3, MON- resistant ØØ81Ø-6 (MON-ØØ81Ø-6 × LY038) [Monsanto Company] Cucumis melo (melon) Delayed maturity as a result of the lines A, B expression of S-adenosylmethionine [Agritope Inc.] hydrolase Carica papaya (papaya) Resistant to the papaya ring spot virus lines 55-1/63-1 (PRSV) [Cornell University] Solanum tuberosum L. (potato) Resistant to the Colorado beetle and lines RBMT21-129, RBMT21-350, the potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) RBMT22-082 [Monsanto Company] Solanum tuberosum L. (potato) Resistant to the Colorado beetle and lines RBMT15-101, SEMT15-02, the potato virus Y (PVY) SEMT15-15 [Monsanto Company] Glycine max L. (soya bean) Modified fatty acid content in the lines DD-Ø26ØØ5-3 (G94-1, G94- seeds, in particular elevated oleic acid 19, G168 content [DuPont Canada Agricultural Products] Glycine max L. (soya bean) Modified fatty acid content in the lines OT96-15 seeds, in particular reduced linolenic [Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada] acid content Cucurbita pepo (pumpkin) Resistant to viral infections, line ZW20 watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) 2 [Upjohn (USA); Seminis Vegetable and zucchini yellow mosaic virus Inc. (Canada)] (ZYMV) Cucurbita pepo (pumpkin) Resistance to viral infections, line CZW-3 cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), [Asgrow (USA); Seminis Vegetable watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) 2 Inc. (Canada)] and zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) Nicotiana tabacum L. (tobacco) Reduced nicotine content line Vector 21-41 [Vector Tobacco] Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) Longer lasting as a result of reduced line 1345-4 ethylene accumulation owing to the [DNA Plant Technology] expression of ACC synthase Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) Delayed maturity as a result of the line 35 1 N expression of S-adenosylmethionine [Agritope Inc.] hydrolase Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) Delayed maturity as a result of the line CGN-89322-3 (8338) expression of ACCd [Monsanto Company] Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) Delayed softening as a result of a lines B, Da, F reduced expression of [Zeneca Seeds] polygalacturonase Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) Delayed softening as a result of a line CGN-89564-2 (FLAVR SAVR) reduced expression of [Calgene Inc.] polygalacturonase cotton Early maturation, stacked gene variety Line DP444 BG/RR with Lepidoptera resistance as a result [Delta and Pine Land Co.] of cloning the genes for Cry1Ac toxin formation (Bollgard) and glyphosate resistance (Roundup Ready) maize Resistance to the European corn borer VSN-BT (MON 810) maize Resistance to beetles such as the HCL201CRW2RR2 × LH324 Western corn rootworm and glyphosate resistance (Roundup Ready)

TABLE 5 No. Line/trait Trade name Plant Company Genetically modified properties B-1 ASR368 Agrostis stolonifera Scotts Seeds Glyphosate tolerance derived by inserting Creeping a modified 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3- Bentgrass phosphate synthase (EPSPS) encoding gene from Agrobacterium tumefaciens. B-2 H7-1 Roundup Beta vulgaris Monsanto Glyphosate herbicide tolerant sugar beet Ready Sugar (Sugar Beet) Company produced by inserting a gene encoding Beet the enzyme 5-enolypyruvylshikimate-3- phosphate synthase (EPSPS) from the CP4 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. B-3 T120-7 Beta vulgaris Bayer Introduction of the PPT- (Sugar Beet) CropScience acetyltransferase (PAT) encoding gene (Aventis from Streptomyces viridochromogenes, CropScience an aerobic soil bacteria. PPT normally (AgrEvo)) acts to inhibit glutamine synthetase, causing a fatal accumulation of ammonia. Acetylated PPT is inactive. B-4 GTSB77 Beta vulgaris Novartis Glyphosate herbicide tolerant sugar beet (Sugar Beet) Seeds; produced by inserting a gene encoding Monsanto the enzyme 5-enolypyruvylshikimate-3- Company phosphate synthase (EPSPS) from the CP4 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. B-5 23-18-17, Brassica Monsanto High laurate (12:0) and myristate (14:0) 23-198 napus (Argentine Company canola produced by inserting a Canola) (formerly thioesterase encoding gene from the Calgene) California bay laurel (Umbellularia californica). B-6 45A37, Brassica Pioneer Hi- High oleic acid and low linolenic acid 46A40 napus (Argentine Bred canola produced through a combination Canola) International of chemical mutagenesis to select for a Inc. fatty acid desaturase mutant with elevated oleic acid, and traditional back- crossing to introduce the low linolenic acid trait. B-7 46A12, Brassica Pioneer Hi- Combination of chemical mutagenesis, 46A16 napus (Argentine Bred to achieve the high oleic acid trait, and Canola) International traditional breeding with registered Inc. canola varieties. B-8 GT200 Brassica Monsanto Glyphosate herbicide tolerant canola napus (Argentine Company produced by inserting genes encoding Canola) the enzymes 5-enolypyruvylshikimate- 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) from the CP4 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and glyphosate oxidase from Ochrobactrum anthropi. B-9 GT73, RT73 Roundup Brassica Monsanto Glyphosate herbicide tolerant canola Ready  ™ napus (Argentine Company produced by inserting genes encoding canola Canola) the enzymes 5-enolypyruvylshikimate- 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) from the CP4 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and glyphosate oxidase from Ochrobactrum anthropi. B-10 HCN10 Brassica Aventis Introduction of the PPT- napus (Argentine CropScience acetyltransferase (PAT) encoding gene Canola) from Streptomyces viridochromogenes, an aerobic soil bacteria. PPT normally acts to inhibit glutamine synthetase, causing a fatal accumulation of ammonia. Acetylated PPT is inactive. B-11 Topas 19/2 InVigor ® Brassica Bayer Introduction of the PPT- (HCN92) Canola napus (Argentine CropScience acetyltransferase (PAT) encoding gene Canola) (Aventis from Streptomyces viridochromogenes, CropScience an aerobic soil bacteria. PPT normally (AgrEvo)) acts to inhibit glutamine synthetase, causing a fatal accumulation of ammonia. Acetylated PPT is inactive. B-12 MS1, RF1 Brassica Aventis Male-sterility, fertility restoration, =>PGS1 napus (Argentine CropScience pollination control system displaying Canola) (formerly glufosinate herbicide tolerance. MS Plant Genetic lines contained the barnase gene from Systems) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, RF lines contained the barstar gene from the same bacteria, and both lines contained the phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase (PAT) encoding gene from Streptomyces hygroscopicus. B-13 MS1, RF2 Brassica Aventis Male-sterility, fertility restoration, =>PGS2 napus (Argentine CropScience pollination control system displaying Canola) (formerly glufosinate herbicide tolerance. MS Plant Genetic lines contained the barnase gene from Systems) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, RF lines contained the barstar gene from the same bacteria, and both lines contained the phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase (PAT) encoding gene from Streptomyces hygroscopicus. B-14 MS8 × RF3 InVigor ® Brassica Bayer Male-sterility, fertility restoration, Canola napus (Argentine CropScience pollination control system displaying Canola) (Aventis glufosinate herbicide tolerance. MS CropScience lines contained the barnase gene from (AgrEvo)) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, RF lines contained the barstar gene from the same bacteria, and both lines contained the phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase (PAT) encoding gene from Streptomyces hygroscopicus. B-15 NS738, Brassica Pioneer Hi- Selection of somaclonal variants with NS1471, napus (Argentine Bred altered acetolactate synthase (ALS) NS1473 Canola) International enzymes, following chemical mutagenesis. Inc. Two lines (P1, P2) were initially selected with modifications at different unlinked loci. NS738 contains the P2 mutation only. B-16 OXY-235 Brassica Aventis Tolerance to the herbicides bromoxynil napus (Argentine CropScience and ioxynil by incorporation of the Canola) (formerly nitrilase gene (oxy) from Klebsiella Rhone Poulenc pneumoniae. Inc.) B-17 MS8 InVigor ® Brassica napus Bayer Traits: Glufosinate tolerance, Male Canola (Argentine Canola) CropScience sterility Genes: bar, barnase B-18 PHY14, Brassica Aventis Male sterility was via insertion of the PHY35 napus (Argentine CropScience barnase ribonuclease gene from Bacillus Canola) (formerly amyloliquefaciens; fertility restoration Plant Genetic by insertion of the barstar RNase Systems) inhibitor; PPT resistance was via PPT- acetyltransferase (PAT) from Streptomyces hygroscopicus. B-19 PHY36 Brassica Aventis Male sterility was via insertion of the napus (Argentine CropScience barnase ribonuclease gene from Bacillus Canola) (formerly amyloliquefaciens; fertility restoration Plant Genetic by insertion of the barstar RNase Systems) inhibitor; PPT resistance was via PPT- acetyltransferase (PAT) from Streptomyces hygroscopicus. B-20 RF1, (B93-101) InVigor ® Brassica Bayer Genes: bar, barstar, neomycin Canola napus (Argentine CropScience phosphotransferase II (npt II); Traits: Canola) Fertility restoration, Glufosinate tolerance, Kanamycin resistance B-21 RF2, (B94-101) Brassica Bayer Genes: bar, barstar, neomycin napus (Argentine CropScience phosphotransferase II (npt II); Traits: Canola) Fertility restoration, Glufosinate tolerance, Kanamycin resistance B-22 RF3, ACS- InVigor ® Brassica napus Bayer Traits: Fertility restoration, Glufosinate BNØØ3-6 Canola (Argentine Canola) CropScience tolerance; Genes bar, barstar B-23 MS1 (B91-4) InVigor ® Brassica Bayer Traits: Glufosinate tolerance, Kanamycin Canola napus (Argentine CropScience resistance, Male sterility; Genes: Canola) bar, barnase, neomycin phosphotransferase II (npt II) B-24 T45 InVigor ® Brassica Bayer Introduction of the PPT- (HCN28) Canola napus (Argentine CropScience acetyltransferase (PAT) encoding gene Canola) (Aventis from Streptomyces viridochromogenes, CropScience an aerobic soil bacteria. PPT normally (AgrEvo)) acts to inhibit glutamine synthetase, causing a fatal accumulation of ammonia. Acetylated PPT is inactive. B-25 HCR-1 Brassica Bayer Introduction of the glufosinate rapa (Polish CropScience ammonium herbicide tolerance trait Canola) (Aventis from transgenic B. napus line T45. This CropScience trait is mediated by the phosphinothricin (AgrEvo)) acetyltransferase (PAT) encoding gene from S. viridochromogenes. B-26 ZSR500/502 Brassica Monsanto Introduction of a modified 5-enol- rapa (Polish Company pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase Canola) (EPSPS) and a gene from Achromobacter sp that degrades glyphosate by conversion to aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) and glyoxylate by interspecific crossing with GT73. B-27 55-1/63-1 Carica Cornell Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) resistant papaya (Papaya) University papaya produced by inserting the coat protein (CP) encoding sequences from this plant potyvirus. B-28 RM3-3, Cichorium Bejo Zaden Male sterility was via insertion of the RM3-4, intybus (Chicory) BV barnase ribonuclease gene from Bacillus RM3-6 amyloliquefaciens; PPT resistance was via the bar gene from S. hygroscopicus, which encodes the PAT enzyme. B-29 A, B Cucumis Agritope Inc. Reduced accumulation of S- melo (Melon) adenosylmethionine (SAM), and consequently reduced ethylene synthesis, by introduction of the gene encoding S-adenosylmethionine hydrolase. B-30 CZW-3 Cucurbita Asgrow Cucumber mosiac virus (CMV), pepo (Squash) (USA); zucchini yellows mosaic (ZYMV) and Seminis watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) 2 Vegetable Inc. resistant squash (Curcurbita pepo) (Canada) produced by inserting the coat protein (CP) encoding sequences from each of these plant viruses into the host genome. B-31 ZW20 Cucurbita Upjohn Zucchini yellows mosaic (ZYMV) and pepo (Squash) (USA); watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) 2 Seminis resistant squash (Curcurbita pepo) Vegetable Inc. produced by inserting the coat protein (CP) (Canada) encoding sequences from each of these plant potyviruses into the host genome. B-32 66 Dianthus Florigene Pty Delayed senescence and sulfonylurea caryophyllus Ltd. herbicide tolerant carnations produced (Carnation) by inserting a truncated copy of the carnation aminocyclopropane cyclase (ACC) synthase encoding gene in order to suppress expression of the endogenous unmodified gene, which is required for normal ethylene biosynthesis. Tolerance to sulfonyl urea herbicides was via the introduction of a chlorsulfuron tolerant version of the acetolactate synthase (ALS) encoding gene from tobacco. B-33 4, 11, 15, 16 Dianthus Florigene Pty Modified colour and sulfonylurea caryophyllus Ltd. herbicide tolerant carnations produced (Carnation) by inserting two anthocyanin biosynthetic genes whose expression results in a violet/mauve colouration. Tolerance to sulfonyl urea herbicides was via the introduction of a chlorsulfuron tolerant version of the acetolactate synthase (ALS) encoding gene from tobacco. B-34 11363 Moonshadow Dianthus Florigene Pty Traits: Coloration; Genes caryophyllus Ltd. als, dihydroflavonol reductase (Carnation) (dfr), flavonoid 3′,5′hydroxylase (F3′5′H) B-35 959A, 988A, Dianthus Florigene Pty Introduction of two anthocyanin 1226A, caryophyllus Ltd. biosynthetic genes to result in a 1351A, (Carnation) violet/mauve colouration; Introduction 1363A, 1400A of a variant form of acetolactate synthase (ALS). B-36 123.2. Moonshade Dianthus Florigene Pty Traits: Coloration; Genes (40619) caryophyllus Ltd. als, dihydroflavonol reductase (Carnation) (dfr), flavonoid 3′,5′hydroxylase (F3′5′H) B-37 123.8.8 Moonvista Dianthus Florigene Pty (40685) caryophyllus Ltd. (Carnation) B-38 11 (7442) Moondust Dianthus Florigene Pty caryophyllus Ltd. (Carnation) B-39 A2704-12, Glycine max Aventis Glufosinate ammonium herbicide A2704-21, L. (Soybean) CropScience tolerant soybean produced by inserting a A5547-35 modified phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT) encoding gene from the soil bacterium Streptomyces viridochromogenes. B-40 A5547-127 LibertyLink ® Glycine max Bayer Glufosinate ammonium herbicide Soybean L. (Soybean) CropScience tolerant soybean produced by inserting a (Aventis modified phosphinothricin CropScience acetyltransferase (PAT) encoding gene (AgrEvo)) from the soil bacterium Streptomyces viridochromogenes. B-41 G94-1, G94- Glycine max DuPont High oleic acid soybean produced by 19, G168 L. (Soybean) Canada inserting a second copy of the fatty acid Agricultural desaturase (GmFad2-1) encoding gene Products from soybean, which resulted in “silencing” of the endogenous host gene. B-42 GTS 40-3-2 Roundup Glycine max Monsanto Glyphosate tolerant soybean variety Ready ™ L. (Soybean) Company produced by inserting a modified 5- soybeans enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) encoding gene from the soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens. B-43 GU262 Glycine max Bayer Glufosinate ammonium herbicide L. (Soybean) CropScience tolerant soybean produced by inserting a (Aventis modified phosphinothricin CropScience acetyltransferase (PAT) encoding gene (AgrEvo)) from the soil bacterium Streptomyces viridochromogenes. B-44 MON89788 Roundup Glycine max Monsanto Glyphosate-tolerant soybean produced RReady2Yield ™ L. (Soybean) Company by inserting a modified 5- soybean enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) encoding aroA (epsps) gene from Agrobacterium tumefaciens CP4. B-45 OT96-15 Glycine max Agriculture & Low linolenic acid soybean produced L. (Soybean) Agri-Food through traditional cross-breeding to Canada incorporate the novel trait from a naturally occurring fan1 gene mutant that was selected for low linolenic acid. B-46 W62, W98 Glycine max Bayer Glufosinate ammonium herbicide L. (Soybean) CropScience tolerant soybean produced by inserting a (Aventis modified phosphinothricin CropScience acetyltransferase (PAT) encoding gene (AgrEvo)) from the soil bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus. B-47 15985 Bollgard II Gossypium Monsanto Insect resistant cotton derived by cotton hirsutum Company transformation of the DP50B parent L. (Cotton) variety, which contained event 531 (expressing Cry1Ac protein), with purified plasmid DNA containing the cry2Ab gene from B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki. B-48 19-51A Gossypium DuPont Introduction of a variant form of hirsutum Canada acetolactate synthase (ALS). L. (Cotton) Agricultural Products B-49 281-24-236 Gossypium DOW Insect-resistant cotton produced by hirsutum AgroSciences inserting the cry1F gene from Bacillus L. (Cotton) LLC thuringiensis var. aizawai. The PAT encoding gene from Streptomyces viridochromogenes was introduced as a selectable marker. B-50 3006-210-23 WideStrike ™ Gossypium DOW Insect-resistant cotton produced by hirsutum AgroSciences inserting the cry1Ac gene from Bacillus L. (Cotton) LLC thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki. The PAT encoding gene from Streptomyces viridochromogenes was introduced as a selectable marker. B-51 31807/31808 Gossypium Calgene Inc. Insect-resistant and bromoxynil hirsutum herbicide tolerant cotton produced by L. (Cotton) inserting the cry1Ac gene from Bacillus thuringiensis and a nitrilase encoding gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. B-52 BXN Gossypium Calgene Inc. Bromoxynil herbicide tolerant cotton hirsutum produced by inserting a nitrilase encoding L. (Cotton) gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. B-53 COT102 Gossypium Syngenta Insect-resistant cotton produced by hirsutum Seeds, Inc. inserting the vip3A(a) gene from L. (Cotton) Bacillus thuringiensis AB88. The APH4 encoding gene from E. coli was introduced as a selectable marker. B-54 DAS- Gossypium DOW WideStrike ™, a stacked insect-resistant 21Ø23-5 × hirsutum AgroSciences cotton derived from conventional cross- DAS-24236-5 L. (Cotton) LLC breeding of parental lines 3006-210-23 (OECD identifier: DAS-21Ø23-5) and 281-24-236 (OECD identifier: DAS- 24236-5). B-55 DAS- Gossypium DOW Stacked insect-resistant and glyphosate- 21Ø23-5 × hirsutum AgroSciences tolerant cotton derived from DAS-24236- L. (Cotton) LLC and conventional cross-breeding of 5 × Pioneer Hi- WideStrike cotton (OECD identifier: MON88913 Bred DAS-21Ø23-5 × DAS-24236-5) with International MON88913, known as RoundupReady Inc. Flex (OECD identifier: MON-88913-8). B-56 DAS- Gossypium DOW WideStrike ™/Roundup Ready ® cotton, 21Ø23-5 × hirsutum AgroSciences a stacked insect-resistant and glyphosate- DAS-24236- L. (Cotton) LLC tolerant cotton derived from conventional 5 × MON- cross-breeding of WideStrike cotton Ø1445-2 (OECD identifier: DAS-21Ø23-5 × DAS-24236-5) with MON1445 (OECD identifier: MON-Ø1445-2). B-57 LLCotton25 Gossypium Bayer Glufosinate ammonium herbicide hirsutum CropScience tolerant cotton produced by inserting a L. (Cotton) (Aventis modified phosphinothricin CropScience acetyltransferase (PAT) encoding gene (AgrEvo)) from the soil bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus. B-58 LLCotton25 × Gossypium Bayer Stacked herbicide tolerant and insect MON15985 hirsutum CropScience resistant cotton combining tolerance to L. (Cotton) (Aventis glufosinate ammonium herbicide from CropScience LLCotton25 (OECD identifier: ACS- (AgrEvo)) GHØØ1-3) with resistance to insects from MON15985 (OECD identifier: MON-15985-7) B-59 MON1445/1698 Roundup Gossypium Monsanto Glyphosate herbicide tolerant cotton Ready ™ hirsutum Company produced by inserting a naturally cotton L. (Cotton) glyphosate tolerant form of the enzyme 5-enolpyruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) from A. tumefaciens strain CP4. B-60 MON15985 × Gossypium Monsanto Stacked insect resistant and glyphosate MON88913 hirsutum Company tolerant cotton produced by L. (Cotton) conventional cross-breeding of the parental lines MON88913 (OECD identifier: MON-88913-8) and 15985 (OECD identifier: MON-15985-7). Glyphosate tolerance is derived from MON88913 which contains two genes encoding the enzyme 5- enolypyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) from the CP4 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Insect resistance is derived MON15985 which was produced by transformation of the DP50B parent variety, which contained event 531 (expressing Cry1Ac protein), with purified plasmid DNA containing the cry2Ab gene from B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki. B-61 MON- Gossypium Monsanto Stacked insect resistant and herbicide 15985-7 × hirsutum Company tolerant cotton derived from MON- L. (Cotton) conventional cross-breeding of the Ø1445-2 parental lines 15985 (OECD identifier: MON-15985-7) and MON1445 (OECD identifier: MON-Ø1445-2). B-62 MON531/757/ Bollgard ™ Gossypium Monsanto Insect-resistant cotton produced by 1076 (Ingard ®) hirsutum Company inserting the cry1Ac gene from Bacillus L. (Cotton) thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki HD-73 (B.t.k.). B-63 MON88913 Roundup Gossypium Monsanto Glyphosate herbicide tolerant cotton Ready Flex hirsutum Company produced by inserting two genes Cotton L. (Cotton) encoding the enzyme 5- enolypyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) from the CP4 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. B-64 MON- Gossypium Monsanto Stacked insect resistant and herbicide ØØ531-6 × hirsutum Company tolerant cotton derived from MON- L. (Cotton) conventional cross-breeding of the Ø1445-2 parental lines MON531 (OECD identifier: MON-ØØ531-6) and MON1445 (OECD identifier: MON- Ø1445-2). B-65 T304-40 Gossypium Bayer Genetic elements which confer the hirsutum BioScience phenotype insect resistant and L. (Cotton) N.V., glufosinate ammonium herbicide Technologiepark tolerance: 38 cry1: Coding sequence of cry gene B-9052 Gent from Bacillus thuringiensis that confers Belgium the insect resistance trait. bar: Coding sequence of the phosphinothricin acetyltransferase gene (bar) from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that confers the herbicide resistance trait. B-66 GHB714 Gossypium Bayer Genetic elements which confer the hirsutum BioScience phenotype insect resistant and L. (Cotton) N.V., glufosinate ammonium herbicide Technologiepark tolerance: 38 cry2: Coding sequence of cry gene B-9052 Gent from Bacillus thuringiensis that confers Belgium the insect resistance trait. bar: Coding sequence of the phosphinothricin acetyltransferase gene (bar) from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that confers the herbicide resistance trait. B-67 GHB119 Gossypium Bayer Genetic elements which confer the hirsutum BioScience phenotype insect resistant and L. (Cotton) N.V., glufosinate ammonium herbicide Technologiepark tolerance: 38 cry2: Coding sequence of cry gene B-9052 Gent from Bacillus thuringiensis that confers Belgium the insect resistance trait. bar: Coding sequence of the phosphinothricin acetyltransferase gene (bar) from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that confers the herbicide resistance trait. B-68 T303-3 Gossypium Bayer cry1: Coding sequence of cry gene from hirsutum BioScience Bacillus thuringiensis that confers the L. (Cotton) N.V., insect resistance trait. Technologiepark bar: Coding sequence of the 38 phosphinothricin acetyltransferase gene B-9052 Gent (bar) from Streptomyces hygroscopicus Belgium that confers the herbicide resistance trait. B-69 GHB614 Gossypium Bayer 2mepsps: Coding sequence of 2mepsps hirsutum BioScience from maize that confers the glyphosate L. (Cotton) N.V., herbicide resistance trait. Technologiepark 38 B-9052 Gent Belgium B-70 X81359 Helianthus BASF Inc. Tolerance to imidazolinone herbicides by annuus (Sunflower) selection of a naturally occurring mutant. B-71 RH44 Lens BASF Inc. Selection for a mutagenized version of culinaris (Lentil) the enzyme acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS), also known as acetolactate synthase (ALS) or acetolactate pyruvate- lyase. B-72 FP967 Linum University of A variant form of acetolactate synthase usitatissimum Saskatchewan, (ALS) was obtained from a L. (Flax, Linseed) Crop Dev. chlorsulfuron tolerant line of A. thaliana Centre and used to transform flax. B-73 5345 Lycopersicon Monsanto Resistance to lepidopteran pests through esculentum (Tomato) Company the introduction of the cry1Ac gene from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki. B-74 8338 Lycopersicon Monsanto Introduction of a gene sequence esculentum (Tomato) Company encoding the enzyme 1-amino- cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase (ACCd) that metabolizes the precursor of the fruit ripening hormone ethylene. B-75 1345-4 Lycopersicon DNA Plant Delayed ripening tomatoes produced by esculentum (Tomato) Technology inserting an additional copy of a truncated Corporation gene encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1- carboxyllic acid (ACC) synthase, which resulted in downregulation of the endogenous ACC synthase and reduced ethylene accumulation. B-76 35 1 N Lycopersicon Agritope Inc. Introduction of a gene sequence esculentum (Tomato) encoding the enzyme S- adenosylmethionine hydrolase that metabolizes the precursor of the fruit ripening hormone ethylene B-77 B, Da, F Lycopersicon Zeneca Seeds Delayed softening tomatoes produced by esculentum (Tomato) inserting a truncated version of the polygalacturonase (PG) encoding gene in the sense or anti-sense orientation in order to reduce expression of the endogenous PG gene, and thus reduce pectin degradation. B-78 FLAVR FLAVR SAVR Lycopersicon Calgene Inc. Delayed softening tomatoes produced by SAVR esculentum (Tomato) inserting an additional copy of the polygalacturonase (PG) encoding gene in the anti-sense orientation in order to reduce expression of the endogenous PG gene and thus reduce pectin degradation. B-79 J101, J163 Roundup Medicago Monsanto Glyphosate herbicide tolerant alfalfa Ready Alfalfa sativa (Alfalfa) Company and (lucerne) produced by inserting a gene Forage encoding the enzyme 5- Genetics enolypyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate International synthase (EPSPS) from the CP4 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. B-80 C/F/93/08-02 Nicotiana Societe Tolerance to the herbicides bromoxynil tabacum National and ioxynil by incorporation of the L. (Tobacco) d'Exploitation nitrilase gene from Klebsiella des Tabacs et pneumoniae. Allumettes B-81 Vector 21-41 Nicotiana Vector Reduced nicotine content through tabacum Tobacco Inc. introduction of a second copy of the L. (Tobacco) tobacco quinolinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase (QTPase) in the antisense orientation. The NPTII encoding gene from E. coli was introduced as a selectable marker to identify transformants. B-82 CL121, Oryza BASF Inc. Tolerance to the imidazolinone CL141, sativa (Rice) herbicide, imazethapyr, induced by CFX51 chemical mutagenesis of the acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). B-83 IMINTA-1, Clearfield ™ Oryza BASF Inc. Tolerance to imidazolinone herbicides IMINTA-4 sativa (Rice) induced by chemical mutagenesis of the acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme using sodium azide. B-84 LLRICE06, LibertyLink ® Oryza Aventis Glufosinate ammonium herbicide LLRICE62 Rice sativa (Rice) CropScience tolerant rice produced by inserting a modified phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT) encoding gene from the soil bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus). B-85 LLRICE601 Oryza Bayer Glufosinate ammonium herbicide sativa (Rice) CropScience tolerant rice produced by inserting a (Aventis modified phosphinothricin CropScience acetyltransferase (PAT) encoding gene (AgrEvo)) from the soil bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus). B-86 PWC16 Oryza BASF Inc. Tolerance to the imidazolinone sativa (Rice) herbicide, imazethapyr, induced by chemical mutagenesis of the acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). B-87 ATBT04-6, NewLeaf Solanum Monsanto Colorado potato beetle resistant potatoes ATBT04-27, Atlantic tuberosum Company produced by inserting the cry3A gene ATBT04-30, L. (Potato) from Bacillus thuringiensis (subsp. ATBT04-31, Tenebrionis). ATBT04-36, SPBT02-5, SPBT02-7 B-88 BT6, BT10, NewLeaf Solanum Monsanto Colorado potato beetle resistant potatoes BT12, BT16, Russet Burbank tuberosum Company produced by inserting the cry3A gene BT17, L. (Potato) from Bacillus thuringiensis (subsp. BT18, BT23 Tenebrionis). B-89 RBMT15- Solanum Monsanto Colorado potato beetle and potato virus 101, tuberosum Company Y (PVY) resistant potatoes produced by SEMT15- L. (Potato) inserting the cry3A gene from Bacillus 02, thuringiensis (subsp. Tenebrionis) and SEMT15-15 the coat protein encoding gene from PVY. B-90 RBMT21- Solanum Monsanto Colorado potato beetle and potato 129, tuberosum Company leafroll virus (PLRV) resistant potatoes RBMT21- L. (Potato) produced by inserting the cry3A gene 350, from Bacillus thuringiensis (subsp. RBMT22- Tenebrionis) and the replicase encoding 082 gene from PLRV. B-91 AM02- Solanum BASF Plant a) A gene containing the coding region 1003, tuberosum Science GmbH of potato gbss in antisense orientation AM01- L. (Potato) relative to the promoter, flanked by the 1005, gbss promoter from Solanum tuberosum AM02- and the polyadenylation sequence from 1012, Agrobacterium tumefaciens nopaline AM02- synthase gene has been inserted into 1017, potato variety Seresta (lines AM02- AM99-1089 1003, AM01-1005, AM02-1012) and and AM99- Kuras (line AM02-1017) thus reducing 2003 the amount of amylose in the starch fraction. An ahas gene (acetohydroxyacid synthase) from Arabidopsis thaliana flanked by the nos gene promoter and the octopine synthase polyadenylation sequence from Agrobacterium tumefaciens serves as selectable marker gene conferring tolerance to Imazamox. b) AM99-1089 serves as a reference line. The inserted gene consists of the potato gbss (granule bound starch synthase) promoter, the coding region of potato gbss in antisense orientation and the polyadenylation sequence from Agrobacterium tumefaciens nopaline synthase gene thus reducing the amount of amylose in the starch fraction. In addition the neomycin phosphotransferase gene (nptII) connected to the Agrobacterium tumefaciens nopaline synthase promoter and g7 polyadenylation sequence from Agrobacterium tumefaciens has been inserted as selectable marker gene conferring resistance to kanamycin. c) In potato line AM99-2003 a gene consisting of gbss promoter from Solanum tuberosum, the coding region fragments of be1 and be2 (starch- branching enzyme) in tandem and antisense orientation relative to the promoter and the nos polyadenylation sequence from Agrobacterium tumefaciens have been inserted into potato variety Dinamo thus reducing the amount of amylopectin in the starch fraction of the tuber. In addition the neomycin phosphotransferase gene (nptII) connected to the Agrobacterium tumefaciens nopaline synthase promoter and g7 polyadenylation sequence from Agrobacterium tumefaciens has been inserted as selectable marker gene conferring resistance to kanamycin. B-92 EH92-527-1 Amflora Solanum BASF Plant In potato event EH92-527-1 a gene tuberosum Science GmbH consisting of a potato gbss (granule L. (Potato) bound starch synthase) promoter, a fragment of the coding region of potato gbss in antisense orientation relative to the promoter and the polyadenylation sequence from Agrobacterium tumefaciens nopaline synthase gene (gene construct pHoxwG) have been inserted into potato variety Prevalent thus reducing the amount of amylose in the starch fraction. In addition the neomycin phosphotransferase gene (nptII) connected to the Agrobacterium tumefaciens nopaline synthase promoter and polyadenylation signal has been inserted as selectable marker gene conferring resistance to kanamycin. B-93 AP205CL Triticum BASF Inc. Selection for a mutagenized version of aestivum (Wheat) the enzyme acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS), also known as acetolactate synthase (ALS) or acetolactate pyruvate- lyase. B-94 AP602CL Triticum BASF Inc. Selection for a mutagenized version of aestivum (Wheat) the enzyme acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS), also known as acetolactate synthase (ALS) or acetolactate pyruvate- lyase. B-95 BW255-2, Clearfield ™ Triticum BASF Inc. Selection for a mutagenized version of BW238-3 aestivum (Wheat) the enzyme acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS), also known as acetolactate synthase (ALS) or acetolactate pyruvate- lyase. B-96 MON71800 Triticum Monsanto Glyphosate tolerant wheat variety aestivum (Wheat) Company produced by inserting a modified 5- enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) encoding gene from the soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens, strain CP4. B-97 SWP965001 Triticum Cyanamid Selection for a mutagenized version of aestivum (Wheat) Crop the enzyme acetohydroxyacid synthase Protection (AHAS), also known as acetolactate synthase (ALS) or acetolactate pyruvate- lyase. B-98 DW2, DW6, Clearfield ™ Triticum BASF Inc. DW12 aestivum (Wheat) B-99 BW7 Clearfield ™ Triticum BASF Inc. Tolerance to imidazolinone herbicides aestivum (Wheat) B-100 Teal 11A Triticum BASF Inc. Selection for a mutagenized version of aestivum (Wheat) the enzyme acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS), also known as acetolactate synthase (ALS) or acetolactate pyruvate- lyase. B-101 176 Knockout ™, Zea mays Syngenta Insect-resistant maize produced by NautureGard ™ L. (Maize) Seeds, Inc., inserting the cry1Ab gene from Bacillus Novartis, thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki. The genetic Mycogen modification affords resistance to attack by the European corn borer (ECB). B-102 3751IR Zea mays Pioneer Hi-Bred Selection of somaclonal variants by L. (Maize) International culture of embryos on imidazolinone Inc. containing media. B-103 676, 678, LibertyLink ® Zea mays Pioneer Hi- Male-sterile and glufosinate ammonium 680 Male Sterile L. (Maize) Bred herbicide tolerant maize produced by International inserting genes encoding DNA adenine Inc. methylase and phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT) from Escherichia coli and Streptomyces viridochromogenes, respectively. B-104 ACS- Zea mays Bayer Stacked insect resistant and herbicide ZMØØ3-2 × L. (Maize) CropScience tolerant corn hybrid derived from MON- (Aventis conventional cross-breeding of the ØØ81Ø-6 CropScience parental lines T25 (OECD identifier: (AgrEvo)) ACS-ZMØØ3-2) and MON810 (OECD identifier: MON-ØØ81Ø-6). B-105 B16 Zea mays Dekalb Glufosinate ammonium herbicide (DLL25) L. (Maize) Genetics tolerant maize produced by inserting the Corporation gene encoding phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT) from Streptomyces hygroscopicus. B-106 BT11 BiteGard ® Zea mays Syngenta Insect-resistant and herbicide tolerant (X4334CBR, L. (Maize) Seeds, Inc. maize produced by inserting the cry1Ab X4734CBR) gene from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki, and the phosphinothricin N- acetyltransferase (PAT) encoding gene from S. viridochromogenes. B-107 CBH-351 StarLink ® Zea mays Aventis Insect-resistant and glufosinate L. (Maize) CropScience ammonium herbicide tolerant maize developed by inserting genes encoding Cry9C protein from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp tolworthi and phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT) from Streptomyces hygroscopicus. B-108 DAS-06275-8 Zea mays DOW Lepidopteran insect resistant and L. (Maize) AgroSciences glufosinate ammonium herbicide- LLC tolerant maize variety produced by inserting the cry1F gene from Bacillus thuringiensis var aizawai and the phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT) from Streptomyces hygroscopicus. B-109 DAS-59122-7 Herculex RW Zea mays DOW Corn rootworm-resistant maize Rootworm L. (Maize) AgroSciences produced by inserting the cry34Ab1 and Protection LLC and cry35Ab1 genes from Bacillus Maise Pioneer Hi- thuringiensis strain PS149B1. The PAT Bred encoding gene from Streptomyces International viridochromogenes was introduced as a Inc. selectable marker. B-110 DAS-59122- Zea mays DOW Stacked insect resistant and herbicide 7 × NK603 L. (Maize) AgroSciences tolerant maize produced by conventional LLC and cross breeding of parental lines DAS- Pioneer Hi- 59122-7 (OECD unique identifier: Bred DAS-59122-7) with NK603 (OECD International unique identifier: MON-ØØ6Ø3-6). Inc. Corn rootworm-resistance is derived from DAS-59122-7 which contains the cry34Ab1 and cry35Ab1 genes from Bacillus thuringiensis strain PS149B1. Tolerance to glyphosate herbcicide is derived from NK603. B-111 DAS-59122- Zea mays DOW Stacked insect resistant and herbicide 7 × TC1507 × L. (Maize) AgroSciences tolerant maize produced by conventional NK603 LLC and cross breeding of parental lines DAS- Pioneer Hi- 59122-7 (OECD unique identifier: Bred DAS-59122-7) and TC1507 (OECD International unique identifier: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1) with Inc. NK603 (OECD unique identifier: MON- ØØ6Ø3-6). Corn rootworm-resistance is derived from DAS-59122-7 which contains the cry34Ab1 and cry35Ab1 genes from Bacillus thuringiensis strain PS149B1. Lepidopteran resistance and toleraance to glufosinate ammonium herbicide is derived from TC1507. Tolerance to glyphosate herbcicide is derived from NK603. B-112 DAS- Zea mays DOW Stacked insect resistant and herbicide Ø15Ø7-1 × L. (Maize) AgroSciences tolerant corn hybrid derived from MON- LLC conventional cross-breeding of the ØØ6Ø3-6 parental lines 1507 (OECD identifier: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1) and NK603 (OECD identifier: MON-ØØ6Ø3-6). B-113 DBT418 Bt-XTRA ® Zea mays Dekalb Insect-resistant and glufosinate L. (Maize) Genetics ammonium herbicide tolerant maize Corporation developed by inserting genes encoding Cry1AC protein from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp kurstaki and phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT) from Streptomyces hygroscopicus B-114 DK404SR Zea mays BASF Inc. Somaclonal variants with a modified L. (Maize) acetyl-CoA-carboxylase (ACCase) were selected by culture of embryos on sethoxydim enriched medium. B-115 EXP1910IT Zea mays Syngenta Tolerance to the imidazolinone L. (Maize) Seeds, Inc. herbicide, imazethapyr, induced by (formerly chemical mutagenesis of the acetolactate Zeneca Seeds) synthase (ALS) enzyme using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). B-116 GA21 Roundup Zea mays Monsanto Introduction, by particle bombardment, Ready ® L. (Maize) Company of a modified 5-enolpyruvyl shikimate- 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), an enzyme involved in the shikimate biochemical pathway for the production of the aromatic amino acids. B-117 IT Zea mays Pioneer Hi-Bred Tolerance to the imidazolinone L. (Maize) International herbicide, imazethapyr, was obtained by Inc. in vitro selection of somaclonal variants. B-118 LY038 Mavera ™ High Zea mays Monsanto Altered amino acid composition, Value Corn L. (Maize) Company specifically elevated levels of lysine, with Lysine through the introduction of the cordapA gene, derived from Corynebacterium glutamicum, encoding the enzyme dihydrodipicolinate synthase (cDHDPS). B-119 MIR604 Agrisure RW Zea mays Syngenta Corn rootworm resistant maize produced Rootworm- L. (Maize) Seeds, Inc. by transformation with a modified Protected Corn cry3A gene. The phosphomannose isomerase gene from E. coli was used as a selectable marker. B-120 MON80100 Zea mays Monsanto Insect-resistant maize produced by L. (Maize) Company inserting the cry1Ab gene from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki. The genetic modification affords resistance to attack by the European corn borer (ECB). B-121 MON802 Roundup Zea mays Monsanto Insect-resistant and glyphosate herbicide Ready ® L. (Maize) Company tolerant maize produced by inserting the genes encoding the Cry1Ab protein from Bacillus thuringiensis and the 5- enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) from A. tumefaciens strain CP4. B-122 MON809 Zea mays Pioneer Hi- Resistance to European corn borer L. (Maize) Bred (Ostrinia nubilalis) by introduction of a International synthetic cry1Ab gene. Glyphosate Inc. resistance via introduction of the bacterial version of a plant enzyme, 5- enolpyruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS). B-123 MON810 YieldGard ® Zea mays Monsanto Insect-resistant maize produced by L. (Maize) Company inserting a truncated form of the cry1Ab gene from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki HD-1. The genetic modification affords resistance to attack by the European corn borer (ECB). B-124 MON810 × Zea mays Monsanto Stacked insect resistant and glyphosate MON88017 L. (Maize) Company tolerant maize derived from conventional cross-breeding of the parental lines MON810 (OECD identifier: MON-ØØ81Ø-6) and MON88017 (OECD identifier: MON- 88Ø17-3). European corn borer (ECB) resistance is derived from a truncated form of the cry1Ab gene from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki HD-1 present in MON810. Corn rootworm resistance is derived from the cry3Bb1 gene from Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kumamotoensis strain EG4691 present in MON88017. Glyphosate tolerance is derived from a 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) encoding gene from Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain CP4 present in MON88017. B-125 MON832 Zea mays Monsanto Introduction, by particle bombardment, L. (Maize) Company of glyphosate oxidase (GOX) and a modified 5-enolpyruvyl shikimate-3- phosphate synthase (EPSPS), an enzyme involved in the shikimate biochemical pathway for the production of the aromatic amino acids. B-126 MON863 YieldGard ® Zea mays Monsanto Corn root worm resistant maize produced Rootworm L. (Maize) Company by inserting the cry3Bb1 gene from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kumamotoensis. B-127 MON88017 Zea mays Monsanto Corn rootworm-resistant maize L. (Maize) Company produced by inserting the cry3Bb1 gene from Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kumamotoensis strain EG4691. Glyphosate tolerance derived by inserting a 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) encoding gene from Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain CP4. B-128 MON- Zea mays Monsanto Stacked insect resistant and herbicide ØØ6Ø3-6 × L. (Maize) Company tolerant corn hybrid derived from MON- conventional cross-breeding of the ØØ81Ø-6 parental lines NK603 (OECD identifier: MON-ØØ6Ø3-6) and MON810 (OECD identifier: MON-ØØ81Ø-6). B-129 MON- Zea mays Monsanto Stacked insect resistant and enhanced ØØ81Ø-6 × L. (Maize) Company lysine content maize derived from LY038 conventional cross-breeding of the parental lines MON810 (OECD identifier: MON-ØØ81Ø-6) and LY038 (OECD identifier: REN-ØØØ38-3). B-130 MON- Zea mays Monsanto Stacked insect resistant and herbicide ØØ863-5 × L. (Maize) Company tolerant corn hybrid derived from MON- conventional cross-breeding of the ØØ6Ø3-6 parental lines MON863 (OECD identifier: MON-ØØ863-5) and NK603 (OECD identifier: MON-ØØ6Ø3-6). B-131 MON- YieldGard ® Zea mays Monsanto Stacked insect resistant corn hybrid ØØ863-5 × Plus L. (Maize) Company derived from conventional cross- MON- breeding of the parental lines MON863 ØØ81Ø-6 (OECD identifier: MON-ØØ863-5) and MON810 (OECD identifier: MON- ØØ81Ø-6) B-132 MON- YieldGard ® Zea mays Monsanto Stacked insect resistant and herbicide ØØ863-5 × Plus, Roundup L. (Maize) Company tolerant corn hybrid derived from MON- Ready ® conventional cross-breeding of the ØØ81Ø-6 × stacked hybrid MON-ØØ863-5 × MON- MON- ØØ81Ø-6 and NK603 (OECD ØØ6Ø3-6 identifier: MON-ØØ6Ø3-6). B-133 MON- Zea mays Monsanto Stacked insect resistant and herbicide ØØØ21-9 × L. (Maize) Company tolerant corn hybrid derived from MON- conventional cross-breeding of the ØØ81Ø-6 parental lines GA21 (OECD identifider: MON-ØØØ21-9) and MON810 (OECD identifier: MON-ØØ81Ø-6). B-134 MS3 Zea mays Bayer Male sterility caused by expression of L. (Maize) CropScience the barnase ribonuclease gene from (Aventis Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; PPT CropScience resistance was via PPT-acetyltransferase (AgrEvo)) (PAT). B-135 MS6 LibertyLink ® Zea mays Bayer Male sterility caused by expression of Male Sterile L. (Maize) CropScience the barnase ribonuclease gene from (Aventis Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; PPT CropScience resistance was via PPT-acetyltransferase (AgrEvo)) (PAT). B-136 NK603 Roundup Zea mays Monsanto Introduction, by particle bombardment, Ready ® corn L. (Maize) Company of a modified 5-enolpyruvyl shikimate- 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), an enzyme involved in the shikimate biochemical pathway for the production of the aromatic amino acids. B-137 SYN- Zea mays Syngenta Stacked insect resistant and herbicide BTØ11-1 × L. (Maize) Seeds, Inc. tolerant maize produced by conventional MON- cross breeding of parental lines BT11 ØØØ21-9 (OECD unique identifier: SYN-BTØ11- 1) and GA21 (OECD unique identifier: MON-ØØØ21-9). B-138 T14, T25 LibertyLink ™ Zea mays Bayer Glufosinate herbicide tolerant maize L. (Maize) CropScience produced by inserting the (Aventis phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase CropScience (PAT) encoding gene from the aerobic (AgrEvo)) actinomycete Streptomyces viridochromogenes. B-139 TC1507 Herculex I ® Zea mays Mycogen (c/o Insect-resistant and glufosinate L. (Maize) Dow ammonium herbicide tolerant maize AgroSciences); produced by inserting the cry1F gene Pioneer (c/o from Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai Dupont) and the phosphinothricin N- acetyltransferase encoding gene from Streptomyces viridochromogenes. B-140 TC1507 × Zea mays DOW Stacked insect resistant and herbicide DAS-59122-7 L. (Maize) AgroSciences tolerant maize produced by conventional LLC and cross breeding of parental lines TC1507 Pioneer Hi- (OECD unique identifier: DAS-Ø15Ø7- Bred 1) with DAS-59122-7 (OECD unique International identifier: DAS-59122-7). Resistance to Inc. lepidopteran insects is derived from TC1507 due the presence of the cry1F gene from Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai. Corn rootworm-resistance is derived from DAS-59122-7 which contains the cry34Ab1 and cry35Ab1 genes from Bacillus thuringiensis strain PS149B1. Tolerance to glufosinate ammonium herbcicide is derived from TC1507 from the phosphinothricin N- acetyltransferase encoding gene from Streptomyces viridochromogenes. B-141 SYTGA21 Zea mays Syngenta Glyphosate Herbicide Tolerance L. (Maize) Agrisure GT B-142 SYTGA21 + Zea mays Syngenta Cry1Ab Corn borer protection Bt11 L. (Maize) Agrisure GT/CB Glyphosate Herbicide Tolerance YieldGard Liberty Link B-143 MON810 + Zea mays Monsanto Cry1Ab corn borer resistance SYTGA21 L. (Maize) YieldGard Glyphosate Herbicide Tolerance Roundup Ready B-144 MON89034 Zea mays Monsanto A full description of the genetic L. (Maize) Agrar elements in MON 89034, including the Deutschland approximate size, source and function is GmbH provided in Table 1. Table 1. Summary of the genetic elements inserted in MON 89034 B1-Left Border*: 239 bp DNA region from the B?Left Border region remaining after integration Pp2-e35S: Modified promoter and leader for the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S RNA containing the duplicated enhancer region L3-Cab: 5′ untranslated leader of the wheat chlorophyll a/b?binding protein I4-Ract1: Intron from the rice actin gene CS5-cry1A.105: Coding sequence for the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1A.105 protein T6-Hsp17: 3′ transcript termination sequence for wheat heat shock protein 17.3, which ends transcription and directs polyadenylation P-FMV: Figwort Mosaic Virus 35S promoter I-Hsp70: First intron from the maize heat shock protein 70 gene TS7-SSU-CTP: DNA region containing the targeting sequence for the transit peptide region of maize ribulose 1,5- bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit and the first intron CS-cry2Ab2: Coding sequence for a Cry2Ab2 protein from Bacillus thuringiensis. This coding sequence uses a modified codon usage. T-nos: 3′ transcript termination sequence of the nopaline synthase (nos) coding sequence from Agrobacterium tumefaciens which terminates transcription and directs polyadenylation B-Left Border: 230 bp DNA region from the B-Left Border region remaining after integration *Analyses of the MON 89034 insert sequence revealed that the e35S promoter that regulates expression of the cry1A.105 coding sequence was modified: the Right Border sequence present in PV-ZMIR245 was replaced by the Left Border sequence. It is likely that this modification is the result of a crossover recombination event that occurred prior to the DNA being inserted into the genome. B-145 MON 89034 × Zea mays Monsanto MON L. (Maize) Agrar 88017 Deutschland GmbH B-146 MON 89034 × Zea mays Monsanto NK603 L. (Maize) Agrar Deutschland GmbH B-147 DP- Zea mays Pioneer Hi- 98140 maize has been genetically Ø9814Ø-6 L. (Maize) Bred Seeds modified by insertion of the glyphosate- Agro SRL N-acetyltransferase (gat4621) gene and a modified maize acetolactate synthase (zm-hra) gene, along with the necessary regulatory elements for gene expression in the maize plant. The gat4621 gene encodes the GAT4621 protein, which was derived from the soil bacterium Bacillus licheniformis, and confers tolerance to herbicides containing glyphosate. The zm-hra gene encodes the ZM-HRA protein and confers tolerance to a range of ALS-inhibiting herbicides such as sulfonylureas. B-148 3243M Zea mays Syngenta Regulatory sequences: L. (Maize) Seeds SA Promoter sequences derived from maize. The function of these sequences is to control expression of the insect resistance gene. Insect resistance gene: cry1Ab gene derived form Bacillus thuringiensis. The function of the product of this gene is to confer resistance to certain lepidopteran pests. NOS terminator: Terminator sequence of the nopaline synthase gene, isolated from Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The function of this sequence is to signal the termination of the insect resistance gene expression. ZmUbilntron: Promoter from a maize ubiquitin gene together with the first intron of the gene. The function of these sequences is to control and enhance expression of the Phosphomannose Isomerase (pmi) gene. pmi: Coding sequence of the Phosphomannose Isomerase (pmi) gene isolated from Escherichia coli. The function of this gene product is as a selectable marker for the transformation, as it allows positive selection of transformed cells growing on mannose. NOS terminator: Termination sequence of the nopaline synthase gene, isolated from Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The function of this sequence is to signal the termination of the marker gene (pmi) expression. B-149 DP 444 Bollgard/Roundup Gossypium Delta and Pine Bollgard ®, RoundupReady ® BG/RR Ready, hirsutum Land company from US L. (Cotton) 2003213029- A1 B-150 VSN-BTCRW Bt-toxin corn Zea mays root worm L. (Maize) B-151 HCL201CR Bt-toxin corn Zea mays Monsanto W2RR × root worm L. (Maize) Company LH324 B-152 LH324 from U.S. Pat. No. Zea mays Monsanto 7,223,908 B1 L. (Maize) Company B-153 VSN-RR Bt RoundupReady Zea mays Bt-toxin L. (Maize) B-154 FR1064LL × Ref: Gerdes, J. T., Zea mays Illinois FR2108 Behr, C. F., Coors, L. (Maize) Foundation J. G., and Tracy, Seeds W. F. 1993. Compilation of North American Maize Breeding Germplasm. W. F. Tracy, J. G. Coors, and J. L. Geadelmann, eds. Crop Science Society of America, Madison, WI and U.S. Pat. No. 6,407,320 B1 B-155 VSN-Bt Bt-toxin Zea mays L. (Maize)

TABLE 6 Genetically No. Trade name Plant Company modified properties Additional information 4-1 Roundup Beta vulgaris Monsanto tolerance to glyphosate Ready ® (Sugar Beet) Company 4-2 InVigor ® Brassica BayerCropScience Canola has been napus (Argentine genetically modified to: Canola) Ø express a gene conferring tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium; Ø introduce a novel hybrid breeding system for canola, based on genetically modified male sterile (MS) and fertility restorer (RF) lines; Ø express an antibiotic resistance gene. 4-3 Liberty Link ® Brassica BayerCropScience tolerance to napus (Argentine phosphinotricin Canola) 4-4 Roundup Brassica Monsanto tolerance to glyphosate Ready ® napus (Canola) Company 4-5 Clearfield ® Canola BASF non-GMO, tolerance to Corporation imazamox 4-6 Optimum ™ Glycine max Pioneer Hi-Bred tolerance to glyphosate GAT ™ L. (Soybean) International, Inc and ALS herbicides 4-7 Roundup Glycine max Monsanto tolerance to glyphosate Ready ® L. (Soybean) Company 4-8 Roundup Glycine max Monsanto tolerance to glyphosate RReady2Yield ™ L. (Soybean) Company 4-9 STS ® Glycine max DuPont tolerance to L. (Soybean) sulphonylureas 4-10 YIELD Glycine max Monsanto GARD ® L. (Soybean) Company 4-11 AFD ® Gossypium BayerCropScience lines include eg hirsutum AFD5062LL, L. (Cotton) AFD5064F, AFD5065B2F, AFD seed is available in several varieties with technology incorporated, such as Bollgard ®, Bollgard II, Roundup Ready, Roundup Ready Flex and LibertyLink ® technologies. 4-12 Bollgard II ® Gossypium Monsanto MON 15985 event: hirsutum Company Cry2(A)b1; L. (Cotton) Cry1A(c) 4-13 Bollgard ® Gossypium Monsanto Cry 1Ac hirsutum Company L. (Cotton) 4-14 FiberMax ® Gossypium BayerCropScience hirsutum L. (Cotton) 4-15 Liberty Link ® Gossypium BayerCropScience tolerance to hirsutum phosphinotricin L. (Cotton) 4-16 Nucotn 33B Gossypium Delta Pine and Bt-toxin in Delta hirsutum Land Pine lines: CrylAc L. (Cotton) 4-17 Nucotn 35B Gossypium Delta Pine and Bt-toxin in Delta hirsutum Land Pine lines: CrylAc L. (Cotton) 4-18 Nucotn ® Gossypium Delta Pine and Bt-toxin in Delta hirsutum Land Pine lines L. (Cotton) 4-19 PhytoGen ™ Gossypium PhytoGen Seed covers varieties hirsutum Company, Dow containing for L. (Cotton) AgroSciences example Roundup LLC Ready flex, Widestrike, 4-20 Roundup Ready Gossypium Monsanto tolerance to glyphosate Flex ® hirsutum Company L. (Cotton) 4-21 Roundup Gossypium Monsanto tolerance to glyphosate Ready ® hirsutum Company L. (Cotton) 4-22 Widestrike ™ Gossypium Dow Cry1F and Cry1Ac Monsanto/Dow hirsutum AgroSciences L. (Cotton) LLC 4-23 YIELD Gossypium Monsanto www.garstseed.com/GarstClient/Technology/ GARD ® hirsutum Company agrisure.aspx L. (Cotton) 4-24 Roundup Medicago Monsanto tolerance to glyphosate Ready ® sativa (Alfalfa) Company 4-25 Clearfield ® Oryza sativa BASF non-GMO, (Rice) Corporation tolerance to imazamox 4-26 NewLeaf ® Solanum Monsanto resistant to infection by tuberosum Company Potato Leafroll Virus L. (Potato) (PLRV) and to feeding by the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (CPB) 4-27 NewLeaf ® plus Solanum Monsanto resistant to infection by tuberosum Company Potato Leafroll Virus L. (Potato) (PLRV) and to feeding by the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (CPB) 4-28 Protecta ® Solanum ? tuberosum L. (Potato) 4-29 Clearfield ® Sunflower BASF non-GMO, tolerance to Corporation imazamox 4-30 Roundup Triticum Monsanto tolerance to Ready ® aestivum (Wheat) Company glyphosate, NK603 4-31 Clearfield ® Wheat BASF non-GMO, tolerance to Corporation imazamox 4-32 Agrisure ® Zea mays Syngenta Seeds, includes Agrisure CB/LL (Family) L. (Maize) Inc. (BT 11 event plus tolerance towards phosphinotricin by GA21 event); Agrisure CB/LL/RW (Bt 11 event, modified synthetic Cry3A gene, tolerance towards phosphinotricin by GA21 event); Agrisure GT (tolerance to glyphosate); Agrisure GT/CB/LL (tolerance to glyphosate and towards phosphinotricinby GA21 event, Bt 11 event); Agrisure 3000GT (CB/LL/RW/GT: tolerance to glyphosate and towards phosphinotricinby GA21 event, Bt 11 event, modified synthetic Cry3A gene); Agrisure GT/RW (tolerance to glyphosate, modified synthetic Cry3A gene); Agrisure RW (modified synthetic Cry3A gene); Future Traits 4-33 BiteGard ® Zea mays Novartis Seeds cry1A(b) gene. L. (Maize) 4-34 Bt-Xtra ® Zea mays DEKALB cry1Ac gene. L. (Maize) Genetics Corporation 4-35 Clearfield ® Zea mays BASF non-GMO, tolerance to L. (Maize) Corporation imazamox 4-36 Herculex ® Zea mays Dow (Family) L. (Maize) AgroSciences LLC 4-37 IMI ® Zea mays DuPont tolerance to L. (Maize) imidazolinones 4-38 KnockOut ® Zea mays Syngenta Seeds, SYN-EV176-9: L. (Maize) Inc. cry1A(b) gene. 4-39 Mavera ® Zea mays Renessen LLC high Lysine www.dowagro.com/widestrike/ L. (Maize) 4-40 NatureGard ® Zea mays Mycogen cry1A(b) gene. L. (Maize) 4-41 Roundup Zea mays Monsanto tolerance to glyphosate www.starlinkcorn.com/starlinkcorn.htm Ready ® L. (Maize) Company 4-42 Roundup Zea mays Monsanto tolerance to glyphosate Ready ® 2 L. (Maize) Company 4-43 SmartStax Zea mays Monsanto eight gene stack L. (Maize) Company 4-44 StarLink ® Zea mays Aventis Cry9c gene. L. (Maize) CropScience ->Bayer CropScience 4-45 STS ® Zea mays DuPont tolerance to L. (Maize) sulphonylureas 4-46 YIELD Zea mays Monsanto Mon810, Cry1Ab1; www.dowagro.com/herculex/about/ GARD ® L. (Maize) Company resistant to corn borer herculexfamily/ 4-47 YieldGard ® Zea mays Monsanto Mon810xMon863, Plus L. (Maize) Company double-stack, resistant to corn borer and rootworm 4-48 YieldGard ® Zea mays Monsanto Mon863, Cry3Bb1, Rootworm L. (Maize) Company resistant to rootworm 4-49 YieldGard ® VT Zea mays Monsanto stacked trait L. (Maize) Company 4-50 YieldMaker ™ Zea mays DEKALB include Roundup L. (Maize) Genetics Ready 2 technology, Corporation YieldGard VT, YieldGard Corn Borer, YieldGard Rootworm and YieldGard Plus

EXAMPLES

The invention is illustrated in more detail by the examples below, without being limited thereby.

A synergistic effect in insecticides and acaricides is always present when the action of the active compound combinations exceeds the total of the actions of the active compounds when applied individually.

The expected action for a given combination of two active compounds can be calculated as follows, using the formula of S. R. Colby, Weeds 15 (1967), 20-22:

If

-   X is the kill rate, expressed as % of the untreated control, when     employing active compound A at an application rate of m g/ha or in a     concentration of m ppm, -   Y is the kill rate, expressed as % of the untreated control, when     employing the transgenic seed and -   E is the kill rate, expressed as % of the untreated control, when     employing the active compound A at application rates of m g/ha or in     a concentration of m ppm and the transgenic seed,     then

$E = {X + Y - \frac{X \cdot Y}{100}}$

If the actual insecticidal kill rate exceeds the calculated value, the action of the combination is superadditive, i.e. a synergistic effect is present. In this case, the actually observed kill rate must exceed the value calculated using the above formula for the expected kill rate (E).

Example 1: Foliar and Drench Application Aphis gossypii/Cotton

Individual potted genetically modified cotton plants with Lepidoptera resistance and Glyphosate resistance are treated with the desired product against the cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii).

After the desired period of time, the kill in % is determined. 100% means that all the aphids have been killed; 0% means that none of the aphids have been killed.

A considerable improvement in the control of pests compared to the control plants not treated according to the invention is noticeable.

TABLE B1-1 Aphis gossypii test (foliar application) Concentration Kill Active compound in ppm in % after 1^(d) compound I-8 20 65 cotton plant containing a gene 0 from the cry family for Lepidoptera resistence and a gene for Glyphosate resistence found* calc.** compound I-8 combined with a 20 85 65 cotton plant containing a gene from the cry family for Lepidoptera resistence and a gene for Glyphosate resistence according to the invention

TABLE B1-2 Aphis gossypii test (drench application) Concentration Kill Active compound in ppm in % after 2^(d) compound I-8 0.8 70 cotton plant containing a gene 0 from the cry family for Lepidoptera resistence and a gene for Glyphosate resistence found* calc.** compound I-8 combined with a 0.8 90 70 cotton plant containing a gene from the cry family for Lepidoptera resistence and a gene for Glyphosate resistence according to the invention *found = activity found **calc. = activity calculated using the Colby formula

Example 2: Foliar Application Spodoptera frugiperda/Maize

Pots with in each case 5 genetically modified maize plants with Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and/or herbicide resistances are treated in 2 replications against the armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda).

After the desired period of time, the kill in % is determined. 100% means that all caterpillars have been killed; 0% means that none of the caterpillars have been killed.

A considerable improvement in the control of pests compared to the control plants not treated according to the invention is noticeable.

TABLE B2 Spodoptera frugiperda test (foliar application) Concentration Kill Active compound in ppm in % after 4^(d) compound I-8 100 0 maize plant containing a gene 40 from the cry family for Lepidoptera resistence maize plant containing a gene 20 from the cry family for Coleoptera resistence and a gene for Glyphosate resistence found* calc.** compound I-8 combined with a 100 90 40 maize plant containing a gene from the cry family for Lepidoptera resistence according to the invention compound I-8 combined with a 100 50 20 maize plant containing a gene from the cry family for Coleoptera resistence and a gene for Glyphosate resistence according to the invention *found = activity found **calc. = activity calculated using the Colby formula 

The invention claimed is:
 1. A method for improving production of a genetically modified plant, wherein the plant comprises at least one gene or gene fragment coding for a Bt toxin, comprising treating parts of the plant with from 50 to 200 g/ha of [1-(6-trifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)-oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide:

to improve the production of the plant, wherein the improvement is caused by a synergistic action between (I-8) and a genetic modification of the genetically modified plant, wherein the parts of the plant are selected from the group consisting of shoots, leaves, flowers, roots, needles, stems, trunks, fruit-bodies, fruit, tubers, rhizomes, and combinations thereof, and wherein (I-8) is the only active compound with which the genetically modified plant is treated.
 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the genetically modified plant further is tolerant to one or more herbicides, wherein the herbicide tolerance is obtained by genetic transformation or selection of a plant containing a mutation.
 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the genetically modified plant is selected from the group consisting of Dianthus caryophyllus (carnation), Brassica napus (Argentine oilseed rape), Zea mays L. (maize), Cucumis melo (melon), Carica papaya (papaya), Solanum tuberosum L (potato), Glycine max L. (soya bean), Cucurbita pepo (pumpkin), Nicotiana tabacum L. (tobacco), Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato), Agrostis stonolifera (creeping bentgrass), Beta vulgaris (sugar beet), Brassica napus (Argentine canola), Brassica rapa (Polish canola), Cichorium intybus (chicory), Cucurbita pepo (squash), Gossypium hirsutum L. (cotton), Helianthus annuus (sunflower), Lens culinaris (lentil), Lens usitatissimum L. (flax, linseed), Medicago sativa (alfalfa), Oryza sativa (rice), Triticum aestivum (wheat), and Brassicus napus (canola), and wherein the gene or gene fragment coding for a Bt toxin codes for a crystal toxin (Cry).
 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the genetically modified plant is a vegetable plant, maize plant, soya bean plant, cotton plant, tobacco plant, rice plant, sugar beet plant, oilseed rape plant, or potato plant.
 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein [1-(6-trifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)-oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide is in a mixture with at least one mixing partner.
 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the genetically modified plant is a maize plant, soya bean plant, tobacco plant, sugar beet plant, oilseed rape plant, or potato plant.
 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the genetically modified plant is a cotton plant.
 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the genetically modified plant is a maize plant.
 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the genetically modified plant is a soya bean plant.
 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the genetically modified plant is a tobacco plant.
 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the genetically modified plant is a rice plant.
 12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the genetically modified plant is a sugar beet plant.
 13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the genetically modified plant is an oilseed rape plant.
 14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the genetically modified plant is a potato plant.
 15. The method according to claim 1, wherein the Bt toxin is a crystal toxin.
 16. The method according to claim 2, wherein the herbicide tolerance is glyphosate tolerance, glutamine synthase tolerance, hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenase tolerance, acetolactate synthase tolerance, sulphonylurea tolerance, and/or imidazolinone tolerance.
 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the genetically modified plant is a cotton plant including a gene from the Cry family for Lepidoptera resistance and a gene for glyphosate resistance.
 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the genetically modified plant is a maize plant including a gene from the Cry family for Lepidoptera resistance and a gene for glyphosate resistance.
 19. The method of claim 1, wherein the genetically modified plant is a maize plant including a gene from the Cry family for Coleoptera resistance and a gene for glyphosate resistance.
 20. A method for improving production of a genetically modified plant, wherein the plant comprises at least one gene or gene fragment coding for a Bt toxin, comprising treating parts of the plant in the presence of an insect pest with from 50 to 200 g/ha of [1-(6-trifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)-oxido-λ⁴-sulphanylidenecyanamide:

to improve the production of the plant, wherein the improvement is caused by a synergistic action between (I-8) and a genetic modification of the genetically modified plant, wherein the parts of the plant are selected from the group consisting of shoots, leaves, flowers, roots, needles, stems, trunks, fruit-bodies, fruit, tubers, rhizomes, and combinations thereof, and wherein (I-8) is the only active compound with which the genetically modified plant is treated. 